Lachnit H, Kimmel H D
Department of Psychology, Philipps University Marburg, D-35032, Marburg, Germany.
Biol Psychol. 2000 Jul;53(2-3):105-29. doi: 10.1016/s0301-0511(00)00043-0.
We report two experiments on positive and negative patterning in human skin conductance response (SCR) conditioning with a manipulable unique cue. In experiment 1 flashing red lights, arrayed horizontally, were used as elements and apparent movement was used as additional (unique) cue when the elements were presented in compound. Positive and negative patternings were both acquired readily, and positive patterning transferred to new stimuli (green lights, vertically arrayed). The unique cue did not influence these outcomes. Experiment 2 examined only positive patterning, using a more conventional unique cue, a visual frame that surrounded the letter stimuli on compound trials but not on element trials. The unique cue again facilitated neither acquisition nor transfer. These results do not support either the unique cue extension of the Rescorla-Wagner theory or configural theories. Human participants seem to utilize 'size' or 'number' or some other abstract feature in preference to available concrete stimuli.
我们报告了两项关于人类皮肤电传导反应（SCR）条件作用中正向和负向模式化的实验，实验中使用了一个可操控的独特线索。在实验1中，水平排列的闪烁红灯被用作元素，当元素以复合形式呈现时，视错觉运动被用作额外的（独特）线索。正向和负向模式化都很容易习得，并且正向模式化转移到了新的刺激（垂直排列的绿灯）上。独特线索并未影响这些结果。实验2仅考察了正向模式化，使用了一种更传统的独特线索，即在复合试验中围绕字母刺激但在元素试验中不围绕的视觉框架。独特线索同样既没有促进习得也没有促进转移。这些结果既不支持雷斯克拉 - 瓦格纳理论的独特线索扩展，也不支持构型理论。人类参与者似乎更倾向于利用“大小”或“数量”或其他一些抽象特征，而不是现有的具体刺激。
