Bulmer A C, Bulmer G S
J.F. Cotton Hospital, Dermatology Section, Manila, Philippines.
Mycopathologia. 1999;147(2):63-5. doi: 10.1023/a:1007132830164.
The disease commonly known as "dandruff" is caused by numerous host factors in conjunction with the normal flora yeast Malassezia furfur (Pityrosporum ovale). Indeed, clinical studies have shown that administration of antifungal agents correlates with an improved clinical condition. Almost all commercially available hair shampoos publicize that they contain some form of antifungal agent(s). However, few studies have been published in which antifungal activity of commercially available hair shampoos have been contrasted experimentally. In this study six commercially available shampoos (in the Philippines) were assessed for antifungal activity against a human (dandruff) isolate of M. furfur: (a) Head & Shoulders (Proctor & Gamble); (b) Gard Violet (Colgate-Palmolive); (c) Nizoral 1% (Janssen); (d) Nizoral 2% (Janssen); (e) Pantene Blue (Proctor & Gamble); and (f) Selsun Blue (Abbott). The results demonstrated that all six of the assayed hair shampoos have some antifungal effect on the test yeast. However, there was consider variation in potency of antifungal activity. Nizoral 1% and Nizoral 2% shampoo preparations were the most effective. The 1% Nizoral shampoo was consistently 10X better at killing yeast cells than the next closest rival shampoo. The 2% Nizoral shampoo was 10X better than the Nizoral 1% product and 100 times better than any of the other products assayed. The study demonstrated that shampoos containing a proven antifungal compound were the most effective in controlling the causative yeast.
通常被称为“头皮屑”的疾病是由多种宿主因素与正常菌群酵母糠秕马拉色菌（卵圆形糠秕孢子菌）共同引起的。事实上，临床研究表明，使用抗真菌药物与临床状况的改善相关。几乎所有市售洗发水都宣称含有某种形式的抗真菌剂。然而，很少有已发表的研究通过实验对比市售洗发水的抗真菌活性。在本研究中，对六种市售洗发水（在菲律宾）针对一株人类（头皮屑）来源的糠秕马拉色菌的抗真菌活性进行了评估：（a）海飞丝（宝洁公司）；（b）加德紫罗兰（高露洁棕榄公司）；（c）1%酮康唑洗剂（杨森公司）；（d）2%酮康唑洗剂（杨森公司）；（e）潘婷蓝（宝洁公司）；以及（f）采乐（雅培公司）。结果表明，所有六种被测洗发水对受试酵母都有一定的抗真菌作用。然而，抗真菌活性的效力存在显著差异。1%酮康唑洗剂和2%酮康唑洗剂制剂最为有效。1%酮康唑洗剂杀灭酵母细胞的效果始终比最接近的竞争洗发水好10倍。2%酮康唑洗剂比1%酮康唑产品好10倍，比任何其他被测产品好100倍。该研究表明，含有经证实的抗真菌化合物的洗发水在控制致病酵母方面最为有效。
