Długoń U
II Kliniki Psychiatrycznej IPiN w Warszawie.
Psychiatr Pol. 2000 Mar-Apr;34(2):307-16.
The article reviews the current literature on Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS), offers specific criteria to define this syndrome, evaluates its prevalence, analyses the possible associated ophthalmic and sociodemographic factors, suggests future work in this area. Despite the recent interest in CBS in contemporary medical literature, a universal definition of this entity has not been fully established yet. The syndrome is usually characterised by presence of vivid and complex visual hallucinations, which are recognised as unreal and occur in the absence of any other psychiatric symptoms. Therefore there are suggestions that the phenomena should be best described by the term 'pseudohallucinations' or 'parahallucinations'. Some researchers suggest that isolated visual hallucinations in older adults may be an indication of early stages of dementia. Contrary to what was considered for a long time, the syndrome seems to occur rather frequently. Recent findings support association of CBS with sensory deprivation and advanced age. CBS should be considered as a diagnosis in patients who complain of hallucinations and who meet the defined diagnostic criteria. There is no proven treatment, but many patients will benefit from reassurance that their hallucinations do not imply mental illness.
本文回顾了关于查尔斯·邦尼特综合征（CBS）的当前文献，提供了定义该综合征的具体标准，评估了其患病率，分析了可能相关的眼科和社会人口统计学因素，并提出了该领域未来的研究方向。尽管近期当代医学文献对CBS颇感兴趣，但该综合征的通用定义尚未完全确立。该综合征通常的特征是出现生动且复杂的视幻觉，这些幻觉被认为不真实，且在没有任何其他精神症状的情况下出现。因此，有人建议用“假性幻觉”或“类幻觉”来最好地描述这些现象。一些研究人员认为，老年人出现的孤立视幻觉可能是痴呆早期的迹象。与长期以来的看法相反，该综合征似乎相当常见。最近的研究结果支持CBS与感觉剥夺和高龄有关。对于主诉幻觉且符合既定诊断标准的患者，应考虑CBS的诊断。目前尚无经证实的治疗方法，但许多患者会因得到保证其幻觉并不意味着患有精神疾病而受益。
