Younes Z, Johnson D A
Division of Digestive Diseases, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, 4940 Eastern Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2000 Aug;2(4):277-82. doi: 10.1007/s11894-000-0019-7.
Antimicrobial therapy plays an integral role in the management of intra-abdominal infections. Recent developments include increased prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (eg, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Enterococcus species) coupled with general decline in the antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobes and gram-negative organisms, new antibiotics and dosing regimens, and better understanding of the role of various microbial pathogens and of prophylactic antimicrobial agents. Therapeutic approaches to intra-abdominal infections, such as the various forms of peritonitis, cholecystitis, cholangitis, and diverticulitis, are reviewed here. Specific recommendations for antimicrobial therapy in various clinical settings are provided, with special emphasis on recent trends and developments that reflect changes in understanding or therapy.
抗菌治疗在腹腔内感染的管理中起着不可或缺的作用。近期的进展包括抗菌药物耐药性（如肺炎链球菌和肠球菌属）的患病率增加，同时厌氧菌和革兰氏阴性菌的抗菌药物敏感性普遍下降，新抗生素和给药方案的出现，以及对各种微生物病原体和预防性抗菌药物作用的更深入理解。本文综述了腹腔内感染的治疗方法，如各种形式的腹膜炎、胆囊炎、胆管炎和憩室炎。针对各种临床环境中的抗菌治疗提供了具体建议，特别强调了反映理解或治疗变化的近期趋势和进展。
