Christie J P, Shinya H
South Med J. 1975 Jul;68(7):881-6. doi: 10.1097/00007611-197507000-00017.
In certain clinical situations, fiberoptic colonoscopy has proved most useful and effective as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool. Colonscopy is indicated to remove polyps when feasible and to rule out the presence of toher polyps or tumors undetected by barium enema. Patients with cancer of the colon should have preoperative colonoscopy to rule out the presence of undetected polyps or metachronous cancer. Follow-up examinations are important to insure against residual cancer or recurrence after colonscopic removal of sessile, premalianant, or malignant polypoid lesions, and to evaluate certain patients who have increased risk of polyp or tumor formation. Colonscopy usually can explain persistent, localized abnormalities detected by barium enema (ie, "filling defects") and provide a definitive diagnosis in cases of unexplained rectal bleeding or diarrhea despite negative sigmoidoscopic and barium studies. In experienced hands, this technic is safe, confortable, and effective in avoiding laparotomy to remove clinically significant polyps and in providing definitive diagnosis in many clinical situations.
在某些临床情况下，纤维结肠镜检查已被证明是一种非常有用且有效的诊断和治疗工具。可行时，结肠镜检查可用于切除息肉，并排除钡灌肠未发现的其他息肉或肿瘤。结肠癌患者术前应进行结肠镜检查，以排除未发现的息肉或异时性癌。随访检查对于确保结肠镜切除广基、癌前或恶性息肉样病变后无残留癌或复发，以及评估某些息肉或肿瘤形成风险增加的患者很重要。结肠镜检查通常可以解释钡灌肠发现的持续性、局限性异常（即“充盈缺损”），并在乙状结肠镜检查和钡剂检查均为阴性但仍有无法解释的直肠出血或腹泻的病例中提供明确诊断。在经验丰富的医生手中，这项技术是安全、舒适且有效的，可避免通过剖腹手术切除具有临床意义的息肉，并在许多临床情况下提供明确诊断。
