Zwolska Z, Augustynowicz-Kopec E, Klatt M
Department of Microbiology, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Warsaw, Poland.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2000 Sep;4(9):832-8.
To determine the prevalence and patterns of primary and acquired drug resistance among Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates recovered from tuberculosis patients in Poland.
In a prospective survey, M. tuberculosis strains were collected from 3970 tuberculosis patients (2976 newly diagnosed cases and 994 previously treated patients) bacteriologically confirmed by culture between November 1996 and October 1997.
Drug susceptibility testing to isoniazid (INH), streptomycin, ethambutol and rifampicin (RMP) was performed on Löwenstein-Jensen medium according to the proportion method and/or using the radiometric Bactec 460 TB system.
The male to female ratio was 2.61:1. The patients were aged between 6 and 82 years, with 86% of males and 77% of females aged over 35 years. Primary resistance to any drug was found in 3.6% of new patients; any INH resistance was 2.6%, any RMP resistance was 0.7%, and multidrug resistance (to INH and RMP [MDR]) was 0.6%. In previously treated cases, resistance to any drug was 17.0%, any INH resistance 14.1%, any RMP resistance 7.8%, and MDR 7.0%. Drug-resistant tuberculosis does not present a big problem in Poland; primary drug resistance has been monitored since 1960 with decreasing frequency, and rates remain at the same level as 20 years ago. Studies such as this should be conducted regularly to monitor drug resistance in Poland in order to effectively manage national tuberculosis control efforts.
确定从波兰结核病患者中分离出的结核分枝杆菌菌株的原发性和获得性耐药率及模式。
在一项前瞻性调查中，于1996年11月至1997年10月期间，从3970例经培养细菌学确诊的结核病患者（2976例新诊断病例和994例既往治疗患者）中收集结核分枝杆菌菌株。
根据比例法在罗-琴培养基上和/或使用放射性Bactec 460 TB系统，对异烟肼（INH）、链霉素、乙胺丁醇和利福平（RMP）进行药敏试验。
男女比例为2.61:1。患者年龄在6至82岁之间，86%的男性和77%的女性年龄超过35岁。新患者中对任何药物的原发性耐药率为3.6%；对INH的耐药率为2.6%，对RMP的耐药率为0.7%，耐多药（对INH和RMP [MDR]）率为0.6%。在既往治疗病例中，对任何药物的耐药率为17.0%，对INH的耐药率为14.1%，对RMP的耐药率为7.8%，耐多药率为7.0%。耐药结核病在波兰不是一个大问题；自1960年以来一直在监测原发性耐药，频率呈下降趋势，目前的耐药率与20年前相同。应定期开展此类研究以监测波兰的耐药情况，从而有效管理国家结核病控制工作。
