Zulley J
Psychiatric University Clinic, Sleep Center, Regensburg, Germany.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 2000 Sep;71(9 Suppl):A44-7.
Human behavior is temporally organized by an endogenous "biological clock," and the alternation between activity and rest is an integral part of this system. Like all other biological functions, the system is only capable of adapting to external stimuli to a limited (and recognizable) extent.
In space, astronauts are kept in a relatively isolated and extreme environment. Under these conditions the circadian system is disturbed and specific countermeasures must be invoked in order to avoid negative consequences on sleep, mood and performance.
The results of isolation experiments will be compared with studies in space focusing on the circadian course of variables such as body core temperature, sleep-wake patterns, mood, and performance.
Subjects in isolation can show disturbances of sleep, mood and vigilance if their biological rhythms run "out of phase."
A strict 24-h time schedule should be kept with regard to environmental, as well as behavioral influences to insure adequate and restful sleep and optimal levels of waking performance and psychological well-being.
人类行为由内在的“生物钟”进行时间组织，活动与休息的交替是该系统不可或缺的一部分。与所有其他生物学功能一样，该系统仅能在有限（且可识别）的程度上适应外部刺激。
在太空中，宇航员处于相对隔离且极端的环境中。在这些条件下，昼夜节律系统会受到干扰，并必须采取特定的应对措施以避免对睡眠、情绪和表现产生负面影响。
将隔离实验的结果与太空研究进行比较，这些太空研究聚焦于诸如身体核心温度、睡眠 - 觉醒模式、情绪和表现等变量的昼夜节律过程。
如果隔离中的受试者的生物节律“失调”，他们可能会出现睡眠、情绪和警觉性方面的紊乱。
在环境及行为影响方面应保持严格的24小时时间表，以确保充足且安宁的睡眠以及最佳的清醒表现和心理健康水平。
