Chiossoine-Kerdel J A, Baguley D M, Stoddart R L, Moffat D A
Department of Otolaryngology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
Am J Otol. 2000 Sep;21(5):645-51.
To determine the incidence of tinnitus and associated handicap after unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL); in addition, to determine the hearing handicap experienced as a consequence of such a loss.
Identification of patients and determination of demographic and audiologic data by retrospective case review; determination of handicap and distress by postal questionnaire.
Teaching hospital department of otolaryngology.
Thirty-eight patients were identified as having been treated for a unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss in the period 1988 through 1997. Of those, 21 (55.3%) replied to the questionnaire.
Audiometric data at admission and at 4-week follow-up, Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), visual analogue scales of tinnitus loudness and distress, Hearing Handicap Inventory in Adults (HHIA).
The questionnaire responder group did not significantly differ from the questionnaire nonresponder group on demographic nor audiometric variables, and hence were considered to be a representative sample. Tinnitus was present in 14 patients (67%). Hearing handicap was found in 86% of patients (of the 21 questionnaire responders) and tinnitus handicap in 57% (of the 14 with tinnitus). Correlations were found between tinnitus loudness, distress, and handicap. There was no correlation between time elapsed since SSNHL and tinnitus or hearing handicap, nor was there a correlation between the extent of audiometric loss and hearing or tinnitus handicap. A strong negative correlation was, however, found between recovery in audiometry in the first 4 weeks after onset and tinnitus and hearing handicap. The audiometric status of the contralateral ear correlated with hearing handicap.
A majority of patients after unilateral SSNHL have a perceived handicap associated with tinnitus and hearing. Although this condition is an otologic emergency, careful thought should be given to the audiologic rehabilitation of this patient group.
确定单侧突发性感音神经性听力损失（SSNHL）后耳鸣的发生率及相关障碍；此外，确定由此类听力损失导致的听力障碍。
通过回顾性病例审查识别患者并确定人口统计学和听力学数据；通过邮寄问卷调查确定障碍和痛苦程度。
教学医院耳鼻喉科。
确定38例在1988年至1997年期间接受过单侧突发性感音神经性听力损失治疗的患者。其中，21例（55.3%）回复了问卷。
入院时及4周随访时的听力测定数据、耳鸣障碍量表（THI）、耳鸣响度和痛苦程度的视觉模拟量表、成人听力障碍量表（HHIA）。
问卷回复者组在人口统计学和听力学变量方面与未回复问卷者组无显著差异，因此被视为具有代表性的样本。14例患者（67%）存在耳鸣。86%的患者（21例问卷回复者中）存在听力障碍，57%的耳鸣患者（14例中有耳鸣者）存在耳鸣障碍。发现耳鸣响度、痛苦程度和障碍之间存在相关性。SSNHL发生后的时间与耳鸣或听力障碍之间无相关性，听力学损失程度与听力或耳鸣障碍之间也无相关性。然而，在发病后的前4周，听力测定的恢复情况与耳鸣和听力障碍之间存在强烈的负相关性。对侧耳的听力学状态与听力障碍相关。
大多数单侧SSNHL患者存在与耳鸣和听力相关的感知障碍。尽管这种情况是耳科急症，但应仔细考虑该患者群体的听力学康复问题。
