Turatto M, Benso F, Facoetti A, Galfano G, Mascetti G G, Umiltà C
University of Padua, Italy.
Percept Psychophys. 2000 Jul;62(5):935-52. doi: 10.3758/bf03212079.
In this study, we investigate whether attentional focusing, like attentional orienting, comprises two independent mechanisms. We provide direct empirical evidence in favor of the existence of two mechanisms--one exogenous, or automatic, and one endogenous, or voluntary--that play a role in adjusting the size of the focus of attention. When a new object suddenly occurs in the visual field, the focus is first automatically fitted to it, and then an endogenous effort has to be exerted to maintain attention in the focused mode. Also, we provide evidence that voluntary focusing needs a perceptual object in order to operate.
在本研究中，我们探究注意力聚焦是否如注意力定向一样，包含两种独立机制。我们提供了直接的实证证据，支持存在两种机制——一种是外源性的，即自动的，另一种是内源性的，即自愿的——它们在调整注意力焦点大小方面发挥作用。当一个新物体突然出现在视野中时，焦点首先会自动与之适配，然后必须付出内源性努力以将注意力维持在聚焦模式。此外，我们提供证据表明，自愿聚焦需要一个感知对象才能起作用。
