Schioldborg P
Psykologisk institutt Universitetet i Oslo, Oslo.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2000 Aug 20;120(19):2283-8.
Attitude surveys in the Norwegian population show a majority supporting active euthanasia for patients with terminal disease, while among physicians, only a minority do so.
Attitudes towards active euthanasia, assisted suicide and proposed alteration of section 235 (to no penalty for manslaughter on compassionate grounds) and repeal of section 236 (assisted suicide) were surveyed among students of medicine, law and psychology at the University of Oslo (n = 520, response rate 59%). The issue was a patient suffering from a painful, incurable and fatal or non-fatal disease, asking for help to die.
61% of the law students, 59% of the psychology students and 24% of the medical students supported active euthanasia in cases of terminal disease. For assisted suicide, the corresponding percentages were 69%, 64% and 35%, respectively. For alteration of section 235, 72%, 57% and 35% agreed; for repeal of section 236, 52%, 46% and 28%. Among students with a Christian faith, 30% supported active euthanasia in terminal disease and 39% did so for assisted suicide. For students of another faith or without a definable faith, the corresponding percentages were 57% and 65%, respectively. No significant gender difference was observed. Compared to a similar student survey made three years earlier, the results showed a significant decrease in support of active euthanasia of ten percentage points among students of medicine and law, but no change for students of psychology.
The study indicates stable and differentiated attitudes towards euthanasia with significantly greater (nearly ten percentage points) support of assisted suicide compared to active euthanasia for both terminal and non-terminal disease. This probably reflects a view of the patient's own right to participate in making decisions in a critical situation.
挪威民众的态度调查显示，多数人支持为绝症患者实施积极安乐死，而在医生中，只有少数人这样做。
对奥斯陆大学的医学、法律和心理学专业学生（n = 520，回复率59%）进行了关于积极安乐死、协助自杀以及对第235条（基于同情理由对 manslaughter 不处罚）的提议修改和第236条（协助自杀）废除的态度调查。问题是一名患有痛苦、无法治愈且致命或非致命疾病的患者请求帮助死亡。
61%的法律专业学生、59%的心理学专业学生和24%的医学专业学生支持对绝症患者实施积极安乐死。对于协助自杀，相应比例分别为69%、64%和35%。对于修改第235条，72%、57%和35%表示同意；对于废除第236条，52%、46%和28%表示同意。在有基督教信仰的学生中，30%支持对绝症患者实施积极安乐死，39%支持协助自杀。对于其他信仰或无明确信仰的学生，相应比例分别为57%和65%。未观察到显著性别差异。与三年前进行的类似学生调查相比，结果显示医学和法律专业学生对积极安乐死的支持率显著下降了10个百分点，但心理学专业学生没有变化。
该研究表明对安乐死的态度稳定且存在差异，与对绝症和非绝症患者的积极安乐死相比，协助自杀的支持率显著更高（近10个百分点）。这可能反映了患者在危急情况下参与决策的自身权利的观点。
