Arena Ansotegui J, Emparanza Knörr J I
Unidad de Metabolopatías, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Aránzazu, San Sebastián.
An Esp Pediatr. 2000 Jul;53(1):25-9.
The use of iodine-containing antiseptics is still common in obstetrics and neonatology. Topical iodine given both to the mother before delivery and to the neonate causes iodine overload. The absorption of maternal iodine through the skin is so fast that iodine in the blood of the umbilical cord increases by 50% a few minutes before delivery. Iodine overload also occurs in the mother. Urinary and breast-milk iodine are increased more than 10-fold in the days after delivery if providone-iodine is used in episiotomy. The overload in the neonate is even higher if breast-fed. Particularly in iodine-deficient areas, this overload can produce thyroid blockade with undesirable effects in congenital hypothyroidism screening, raising the number of false positives and its consequences: parental anxiety and screening costs. The potential effects that this thyroid blockade can produce in the neonate are even more serious. Attention should be drawn to the undesirable effects of iodine antiseptics and their use in the perinatal period should be avoided.
含碘防腐剂在产科和新生儿科的使用仍然很普遍。分娩前给母亲以及给新生儿局部使用碘会导致碘过载。母亲通过皮肤吸收碘的速度非常快，以至于分娩前几分钟脐带血中的碘会增加50%。母亲也会出现碘过载。如果在会阴切开术中使用聚维酮碘，产后数天尿液和母乳中的碘会增加10倍以上。如果进行母乳喂养，新生儿的碘过载甚至更高。特别是在碘缺乏地区，这种过载会导致甲状腺阻滞，对先天性甲状腺功能减退症筛查产生不良影响，增加假阳性数量及其后果：父母焦虑和筛查成本。这种甲状腺阻滞对新生儿可能产生的潜在影响甚至更严重。应注意碘防腐剂的不良影响，应避免在围产期使用。
