Berrebi P, Povz M, Jesensek D, Cattaneo-Berrebi G, Crivelli A J
Laboratoire Génome et Populations, CNRS-UPR 9060, Université Montpellier II, cc63, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34 095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France.
Heredity (Edinb). 2000 Sep;85 Pt 3:277-87. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2540.2000.00753.x.
The marble trout (Salmo marmoratus) is an endangered species in Slovenia (and in Italy, Croatia and Albania) because of hybridization resulting from intensive stocking. Eleven populations of trout from the Soca river basin (Slovenia) were analysed using 31 presumptive enzyme loci. Three European control samples representing the main European genotypes of brown trout were also analysed. This analysis confirmed the existence of extensive hybridization in the main river, resulting in an equal mixture of alleles belonging to marble trout, and Danubian and Atlantic brown trout (Salmo trutta). Despite the high level of introgression observed in the main Soca River, nearly pure populations of marble trout were found in the headwaters of five tributaries. The five stations with pure marble trout will be the basis of a rehabilitation programme. Hardy-Weinberg and linkage disequilibria were observed and hypotheses are discussed to explain this. A scenario for the colonization of the Adriatic region is proposed.
由于密集放养导致杂交，大理石鳟（Salmo marmoratus）在斯洛文尼亚（以及意大利、克罗地亚和阿尔巴尼亚）属于濒危物种。利用31个假定的酶位点对来自斯洛文尼亚索卡河流域的11个鳟鱼种群进行了分析。还分析了代表欧洲褐鳟主要基因型的三个欧洲对照样本。该分析证实了在主要河流中存在广泛的杂交现象，导致属于大理石鳟、多瑙河褐鳟和大西洋褐鳟（Salmo trutta）的等位基因出现均等混合。尽管在索卡河主流中观察到高度的基因渗入现象，但在五条支流的源头发现了近乎纯种的大理石鳟种群。这五个拥有纯种大理石鳟的站点将成为恢复计划的基础。观察到了哈迪-温伯格平衡和连锁不平衡现象，并对解释此现象的假说进行了讨论。提出了一个亚得里亚海地区的定殖情景。
