Carranza L V, Kilmann P R
University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208, USA.
Adolescence. 2000 Summer;35(138):295-312.
This study examined links between perceived parent characteristics and attachment variables for young women from intact families (biological parents still married to each other). One hundred fifty-four female college students served as subjects. They rated both parents using items derived from Secunda's (1992) descriptions of father characteristics, and also were assessed on measures of adult attachment, self-esteem, and interpersonal trust. Positive correlations were found between secure attachment and self-concept, good father characteristics, and doting mother characteristics. An insecure attachment pattern was associated with lower self-worth, less interpersonal trust, distant and demanding father characteristics, and absent mother characteristics. A fearful attachment pattern was associated with distant father and absent mother characteristics. A preoccupied attachment pattern was linked to absent, seductive, and demanding father characteristics and demanding mother characteristics. A dismissive attachment pattern was associated with distant father characteristics. Collectively, father characteristics related more strongly to an insecure attachment pattern, while mother characteristics related more strongly to a secure attachment pattern.
本研究考察了来自完整家庭（亲生父母仍为夫妻）的年轻女性所感知到的父母特征与依恋变量之间的联系。154名女大学生作为研究对象。她们使用从塞昆达（1992年）对父亲特征的描述中衍生出的项目对父母进行评分，同时还接受了成人依恋、自尊和人际信任方面的评估。研究发现，安全型依恋与自我概念、良好的父亲特征以及溺爱的母亲特征呈正相关。不安全型依恋模式与较低的自我价值、较少的人际信任、疏远且苛刻的父亲特征以及缺席的母亲特征相关。恐惧型依恋模式与疏远的父亲和缺席的母亲特征相关。痴迷型依恋模式与缺席、有魅力且苛刻的父亲特征以及苛刻的母亲特征相关。冷漠型依恋模式与疏远的父亲特征相关。总体而言，父亲特征与不安全型依恋模式的关联更强，而母亲特征与安全型依恋模式的关联更强。
