Nielsen K, Lin M, Gall D, Jolley M
Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Animal Diseases Research Institute, 3851 Fallowfield Road, Nepean, Ontario, K2H 8P9, Canada.
Methods. 2000 Sep;22(1):71-6. doi: 10.1006/meth.2000.1038.
Fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPA) is a homogeneous immunoassay useful for rapid and accurate detection of antibody or antigen. The principle of the assay is that a fluorescent dye (attached to an antigen or an antibody fragment) can be excited by plane-polarized light at the appropriate wavelength. As a rule, a small molecule rotates faster when in solution than a larger molecule. The rotation rate may be assessed by measuring light intensity in the vertical and horizontal planes. Generally, the time it takes a molecule to rotate through a given angle is an indication of its size. When a small molecule that rotates rapidly is bound to a larger molecule, the rotation rate is decreased and this decrease is measured. Because it is a primary antigen-antibody interaction, the rate of reaction is very rapid and usually a result may be obtained in minutes. This technology was applied to the detection of antibody to Brucella abortus in serum and milk, providing for the first time a rapid primary binding assay that is cost effective for use in the field.
荧光偏振免疫测定法（FPA）是一种均相免疫测定法，可用于快速、准确地检测抗体或抗原。该测定法的原理是，一种荧光染料（附着于抗原或抗体片段）可在适当波长下被平面偏振光激发。通常，小分子在溶液中的旋转速度比大分子快。旋转速率可通过测量垂直和水平平面上的光强度来评估。一般来说，分子旋转给定角度所需的时间表明了其大小。当快速旋转的小分子与大分子结合时，旋转速率会降低，这种降低可以被测量到。由于这是一种主要的抗原-抗体相互作用，反应速率非常快，通常几分钟内就能得到结果。这项技术被应用于血清和牛奶中布鲁氏菌流产抗体的检测，首次提供了一种快速的初次结合测定法，在现场使用时具有成本效益。
