Couderc R
Service de biochimie, Hôpital Trousseau, 26, avenue du Dr-Arnold-Netter, 75571 Paris cedex 12, France.
Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 2000 Sep-Oct;58(5):581-93.
Peripheral markers for Alzheimer's disease are of interest to confirm the diagnosis, to perform epidemiological screening, to identify distinct groups of patients, to predict the outcome of the disease, to monitor its progression and its sensibility to treatment and to give help in performing studies on the relationship between brain and behaviour and on the pathophysiology of the Alzheimer's disease. The ideal biomarker for Alzheimer's disease should detect a fundamental feature of neuropathology and be validated in neuropathologically confirmed cases and be confirmed by at least two independent studies; should be as sensitive and specific than the clinical diagnosis (about 85% and 80%), reliable, reproducible, simple to perform, inexpensive and non invasive (studies on blood, urine, saliva, or buccal scrapings) or moderately invasive (skin, rectal biopsies, bone marrow samples, or cerebrospinal fluid). Such a marker has not yet been found. In this paper we present those markers which come closest to fulfilling criteria for a useful biomarker, keeping in mind that these criteria depends on what purpose it is used (screening, prediction, diagnosis, monitoring, pathophysiological studies.) and that the finding of a good marker depends on the understanding of the disease.
阿尔茨海默病的外周标志物对于确诊、进行流行病学筛查、识别不同患者群体、预测疾病转归、监测疾病进展及其对治疗的敏感性，以及辅助开展关于大脑与行为关系及阿尔茨海默病病理生理学的研究都具有重要意义。阿尔茨海默病的理想生物标志物应能检测神经病理学的基本特征，并在经神经病理学确诊的病例中得到验证，且至少有两项独立研究予以证实；应与临床诊断一样敏感和特异（约85%和80%），可靠、可重复、操作简便、成本低廉且非侵入性（针对血液、尿液、唾液或口腔刮片的研究）或中度侵入性（皮肤、直肠活检、骨髓样本或脑脊液）。目前尚未找到这样一种标志物。在本文中，我们介绍了那些最接近满足有用生物标志物标准的标志物，同时要记住这些标准取决于其使用目的（筛查、预测、诊断、监测、病理生理学研究），并且找到一个好的标志物取决于对该疾病的理解。
