Lindberg C E
School of Nursing, College of New Jersey, USA.
J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2000 Sep-Oct;11(5):80-90. doi: 10.1016/S1055-3290(06)60387-7.
In this study, path analysis was used to test a model of the relationships among condom use knowledge, self-efficacy for condom use, coping, and condom use in a sample of 100 urban women. In the final model, the paths between condom use knowledge and self-efficacy, between self-efficacy and condom use, and between self-efficacy and problem-focused coping were significant. In addition, condom use knowledge was indirectly related to condom use through self-efficacy. The final model accounted for 43% of the variance in condom use. Although the women engaged in risky behaviors including having multiple partners, high-risk sexual partners, and unprotected intercourse, they did not worry about or perceive themselves at risk for HIV. To assist women to decrease their risk for sexually transmitted HIV infection, clinicians should conduct individualized assessments of each client's sexual behaviors to identify women at risk. Individualized interventions are recommended to increase both knowledge of how to use condoms and self-efficacy for condom use among women at risk for HIV.
在本研究中，路径分析被用于检验100名城市女性样本中避孕套使用知识、避孕套使用自我效能感、应对方式与避孕套使用之间关系的模型。在最终模型中，避孕套使用知识与自我效能感之间、自我效能感与避孕套使用之间以及自我效能感与以问题为中心的应对方式之间的路径是显著的。此外，避孕套使用知识通过自我效能感与避孕套使用间接相关。最终模型解释了避孕套使用方差的43%。尽管这些女性有包括拥有多个性伴侣、高危性伴侣和无保护性行为在内的危险行为，但她们并不担心或认为自己有感染艾滋病毒的风险。为帮助女性降低感染性传播艾滋病毒的风险，临床医生应针对每位客户的性行为进行个性化评估，以识别有风险的女性。建议采取个性化干预措施，以增加处于艾滋病毒感染风险中的女性对如何使用避孕套的知识以及避孕套使用的自我效能感。
