Bischof P, Campana A
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2000 Oct;14(5):801-14. doi: 10.1053/beog.2000.0120.
Because cytotrophoblastic cells (CTB) from first-trimester placenta form columns of invasive CTB they have been considered as a model for blastocyst implantation. This invasive behaviour is due to the ability of CTB to secret matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) because tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP) inhibits their invasiveness. Although CTB behave like metastatic cells, in vivo they are only transiently invasive (first trimester) and their invasion is normally limited only to the endometrium and to the proximal third of the myometrium. This temporal and spatial regulation of trophoblast invasion is believed to be mediated in an autocrine way by trophoblastic factors and in a paracrine way by uterine factors. Several types of regulators have been investigated: hormones, extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoproteins and cytokines or growth factors. This review is not intended to be an exhaustive catalogue of all the potential regulators but is aimed at describing the mechanism of action of certain factors relevant in trophoblast-endometrial interactions.
由于来自孕早期胎盘的细胞滋养层细胞（CTB）形成侵袭性CTB柱，它们被视为胚泡着床的模型。这种侵袭行为归因于CTB分泌基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）的能力，因为MMP组织抑制剂（TIMP）会抑制其侵袭性。尽管CTB的行为类似于转移细胞，但在体内它们仅具有短暂的侵袭性（孕早期），并且其侵袭通常仅局限于子宫内膜和子宫肌层的近端三分之一。滋养层侵袭的这种时空调节被认为是以自分泌方式由滋养层因子介导，以旁分泌方式由子宫因子介导。已经研究了几种类型的调节因子：激素、细胞外基质（ECM）糖蛋白以及细胞因子或生长因子。本综述并非旨在详尽列举所有潜在的调节因子，而是旨在描述某些与滋养层 - 子宫内膜相互作用相关的因子的作用机制。
