Calbindin-D28k immunoreactivity in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and the circadian response to constant light in the rat.

Recent studies in the hamster have led to the discovery that the expression of the calcium binding protein, calbindin-D28k, is a defining feature of neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms by environmental light.(2,18, 19,32) To study further the involvement of calbindin-D28k, we examined the effect of exposure to constant light on calbindin-D28k immunoreactivity in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of intact rats and of rats treated neonatally with the retinal neurotoxin, monosodium glutamate. Exposure to constant light is known to disrupt circadian rhythms in rodents and we found previously that treatment with monosodium glutamate selectively prevents the disruptive effect of constant light on circadian rhythms in rats.(7,9) In the present study we found that exposure to light suppresses calbindin-D28k expression in the ventrolateral retinorecipient region of the suprachiasmatic nucleus of rats and that neonatal treatment with monosodium glutamate blocks the suppressive effect of constant light on calbindin-D28k expression. These findings are consistent with the proposed role of calbindin-D28k in photic signaling in the suprachiasmatic nucleus,(32) and point to the possibility that suppression of calbindin-D28k expression is linked to the mechanism by which constant light disrupts circadian rhythms.