Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
Eur J Neurosci. 2020 Jan;51(1):82-108. doi: 10.1111/ejn.14259. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
Daily rhythms are generated by the circadian timekeeping system, which is orchestrated by the master circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of mammals. Circadian timekeeping is endogenous and does not require exposure to external cues during development. Nevertheless, the circadian system is not fully formed at birth in many mammalian species and it is important to understand how SCN development can affect the function of the circadian system in adulthood. The purpose of the current review is to discuss the ontogeny of cellular and circuit function in the SCN, with a focus on work performed in model rodent species (i.e., mouse, rat, and hamster). Particular emphasis is placed on the spatial and temporal patterns of SCN development that may contribute to the function of the master clock during adulthood. Additional work aimed at decoding the mechanisms that guide circadian development is expected to provide a solid foundation upon which to better understand the sources and factors contributing to aberrant maturation of clock function.
昼夜节律是由生物钟系统产生的，该系统由哺乳动物视交叉上核（SCN）中的主生物钟协调。生物钟是内源性的，在发育过程中不需要暴露于外部线索。然而，在许多哺乳动物物种中，昼夜节律系统在出生时并未完全形成，因此了解 SCN 的发育如何影响成年后的昼夜节律系统功能非常重要。本综述的目的是讨论 SCN 中细胞和电路功能的个体发生，重点是在模型啮齿动物物种（即小鼠、大鼠和仓鼠）中进行的工作。特别强调 SCN 发育的时空模式，这些模式可能有助于成年主钟的功能。预计旨在解码指导生物钟发育机制的额外工作将为更好地理解导致时钟功能异常成熟的来源和因素提供坚实的基础。
