Khan S N, Slavin R G
Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Missouri, USA.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2000 Sep;85(3):189-93. doi: 10.1016/S1081-1206(10)62465-9.
In 1971 we published a survey of pediatricians' knowledge, attitudes, and practices relative to the field of allergy. This current survey was conducted to determine how these attitudes and practices have changed over the past 27 years.
Our survey, consisting of 17 questions, was sent to 250 board certified pediatricians in the St. Louis area. Seven of the questions were similar to those in the 1971 survey, while the other ten were new questions which we thought were pertinent to the field of allergy currently.
In 1971, 75% of the pediatricians felt the specialty of allergy had great or moderate importance for the practice of pediatrics compared with 99% in 1998. In 1998, the number of physicians who felt that there was at least some value to skin testing had increased from 1971, although, only 36% felt it had great value. In 1971, 23% of pediatricians performed their own skin tests compared with 3% in 1998. Nine percent indicated that they had never referred a patient to an allergist in 1971, compared with 2% in 1998. Our new questions looked at to whom respondents were more likely to refer patients with: (1) asthma (68% allergy, 27% pulmonary, 4% both), (2) urticaria (53% allergy, 41% dermatology, 2% both), (3) chronic eczema (45% allergy, 50% dermatology, 2% both), and (4) chronic sinusitis (24% allergy, 74% otolaryngology, 2% both). Older physicians placed greater importance on the field of allergy and skin testing and were more likely to refer to an allergist than physicians under the age of 40 years.
Our results indicate that although there has been significant change in 27 years, allergists must be more aggressive in developing the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of physicians relative to the field of allergy.
1971年我们发表了一项关于儿科医生在过敏领域的知识、态度和实践的调查。本次调查旨在确定这些态度和实践在过去27年中是如何变化的。
我们的调查问卷包含17个问题，发送给了圣路易斯地区250名获得委员会认证的儿科医生。其中7个问题与1971年的调查相似，另外10个是我们认为与当前过敏领域相关的新问题。
1971年，75%的儿科医生认为过敏专科对儿科实践具有很大或中等重要性，而1998年这一比例为99%。1998年，认为皮肤试验至少有一定价值的医生数量比1971年有所增加，不过，只有36%的医生认为其有很大价值。1971年，23%的儿科医生自行进行皮肤试验，1998年这一比例为3%。1971年，9%的医生表示他们从未将患者转诊给过敏症专科医生，1998年这一比例为2%。我们的新问题关注的是受访者更倾向于将哪些患者转诊给谁：（1）哮喘（68%转诊给过敏症专科医生，27%转诊给肺病科医生，4%转诊给两者），（2）荨麻疹（53%转诊给过敏症专科医生，41%转诊给皮肤科医生，2%转诊给两者），（3）慢性湿疹（45%转诊给过敏症专科医生，50%转诊给皮肤科医生，2%转诊给两者），以及（4）慢性鼻窦炎（24%转诊给过敏症专科医生，74%转诊给耳鼻喉科医生，2%转诊给两者）。年长的医生比40岁以下的医生更重视过敏领域和皮肤试验，也更倾向于将患者转诊给过敏症专科医生。
我们的结果表明，尽管在27年中发生了显著变化，但过敏症专科医生在培养医生在过敏领域的知识、态度和实践方面必须更加积极主动。
