Sandermann H
GSF-Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit GmbH, Institut für Biochemische Pflanzenpathologie, Oberschleissheim, Germany.
Biol Chem. 2000 Aug;381(8):649-53. doi: 10.1515/BC.2000.085.
A burst of active oxygen species (AOS) is known to be involved in local cell death as part of plant defence against pathogens. It is, however, under dispute to what extent AOS can induce pathogen resistance and immunity throughout the plant. Three experimental strategies that reveal a primary role for AOS and a surprisingly low chemical and spatial specificity are now described for tobacco and Arabidopsis thaliana plants. Ozone is a gaseous AOS that was applied to non-transgenic plants. Hydrogen peroxide or singlet oxygen are AOS that were induced by high-light treatment of transgenic plants that contained antisense constructs inhibiting catalase activity or chlorophyll biosynthetic enzymes. In all cases, activated oxygen species, cellular lesions, ethylene and salicylic acid, and components of major plant defence systems (systemic acquired resistance, hypersensitive response) were induced, as was resistance towards pathogens (tobacco mosaic virus, Pseudomonas syringae or Peronospora parasitica). It is concluded that active oxygen species can act as mediators of plant immunity so that new non-pesticidal plant protection strategies could be developed.
作为植物抵御病原体的一部分，活性氧爆发（AOS）已知参与局部细胞死亡。然而，AOS在多大程度上能诱导整个植物的病原体抗性和免疫仍存在争议。现在针对烟草和拟南芥植物描述了三种实验策略，这些策略揭示了AOS的主要作用以及令人惊讶的低化学和空间特异性。臭氧是一种气态AOS，应用于非转基因植物。过氧化氢或单线态氧是通过对含有抑制过氧化氢酶活性或叶绿素生物合成酶的反义构建体的转基因植物进行高光处理诱导产生的AOS。在所有情况下，均诱导了活性氧、细胞损伤、乙烯和水杨酸以及主要植物防御系统（系统获得性抗性、过敏反应）的成分，同时也诱导了对病原体（烟草花叶病毒、丁香假单胞菌或寄生霜霉）的抗性。得出的结论是，活性氧可以作为植物免疫的介质，因此可以开发新的非农药植物保护策略。
