Pane A R, Hirst L W
Department of Ophthalmology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Wooloongabba, Queensland, Australia.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2000 Sep;7(3):159-67.
The state of Queensland, Australia, has one of the highest incidences of cutaneous melanoma in the world; this has been linked to the high sun exposure of the mainly Caucasian population. The role of sun exposure in the development of ocular melanoma (melanoma of the conjunctiva, iris, ciliary body or choroid) remains unclear. A case-control study involving 125 patients with ocular melanoma treated between 1972 and 1996, and 375 age- and sex-matched controls (three for each patient) was performed. A standardised telephone questionnaire examining ultraviolet exposure and other potential risk factors was administered. Cumulative lifetime ocular ultraviolet B (UV-B) exposure was assessed using the Melbourne Visual Impairment Project instrument. Risk factors identified include personal history of melanoma of the skin (odds ratio [OR] 2. 42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.88, 6.62) or other skin cancers (OR 1.52, CI 0.99, 2.35), and family history of ocu-lar melanoma (OR 6.89, CI 0.70, 67.38). Protective factors included olive or black skin (OR 0.72, CI 0.40, 1.31), brown iris colour (OR 0.89, CI 0.51, 1.54), high resistance to sunburn (OR 0.58, CI 0.26, 1.31), and wearing prescription glasses (OR 0.78, CI 0.48, 1.25). Sunglass wearing was not found to be protective. Cumulative lifetime ocular UV-B exposure was not found to be a risk factor for ocular melanoma. However, there were too few cases of conjunctival and iris melanoma for these to be analysed as separate sub-groups.
澳大利亚昆士兰州是世界上皮肤黑素瘤发病率最高的地区之一；这与主要为白种人的人群受到大量阳光照射有关。阳光照射在眼黑素瘤（结膜、虹膜、睫状体或脉络膜黑素瘤）发病中的作用仍不明确。开展了一项病例对照研究，涉及1972年至1996年间接受治疗的125例眼黑素瘤患者以及375名年龄和性别匹配的对照者（每名患者对应三名对照者）。采用标准化电话调查问卷来调查紫外线暴露情况及其他潜在风险因素。使用墨尔本视力损害项目仪器评估终生累积眼部紫外线B（UV-B）暴露量。确定的风险因素包括有皮肤黑素瘤个人史（比值比[OR] 2.42，95%置信区间[CI] 0.88，6.62）或其他皮肤癌（OR 1.52，CI 0.99，2.35），以及有眼黑素瘤家族史（OR 6.89，CI 0.70，67.38）。保护因素包括橄榄色或黑色皮肤（OR 0.72，CI 0.40，1.31）、棕色虹膜颜色（OR 0.89，CI 0.51，1.54）、对晒伤的高抵抗力（OR 0.58，CI 0.26，1.31）以及佩戴处方眼镜（OR 0.78，CI 0.48，1.25）。未发现佩戴太阳镜具有保护作用。未发现终生累积眼部UV-B暴露量是眼黑素瘤的一个风险因素。然而，结膜和虹膜黑素瘤病例太少，无法作为单独亚组进行分析。
