Hensing G, Brage S, Nygård J F, Sandanger I, Tellnes G
Department of Social Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2000 Aug;35(8):335-40. doi: 10.1007/s001270050247.
Sickness absence with psychiatric disorders is a major public health problem with serious consequences for the individual, the employer and society. The aim was to assess the occurrence of psychiatric sickness absence with special focus on sex differences.
A nationwide sickness insurance register was used. Population at risk was defined as all individuals entitled to sickness benefits in 1994 (N = 1,978,030). Those who were sick-listed for more than 14 consecutive days with a psychiatric diagnosis (n = 28,799) were selected as cases.
Of the population under study, 1.46% had at least one psychiatric sickness absence episode. Women had twice the male cumulative incidence of sickness absence for a psychiatric diagnosis. Cumulative incidence was highest among those aged 45-59 years. Men had more sickness absence days. Depression was the most common diagnosis among both women and men.
Increased efforts are needed to recognise, treat and rehabilitate individuals with a lowered work capacity due to sickness absence. The increased risk of long sick-leave spells among men needs further attention.
因精神疾病而缺勤是一个重大的公共卫生问题，对个人、雇主和社会都会产生严重后果。目的是评估因精神疾病而缺勤的情况，特别关注性别差异。
使用了全国性的疾病保险登记册。风险人群定义为1994年所有有权领取疾病津贴的个人（N = 1,978,030）。那些因精神疾病诊断而连续病假超过14天的人（n = 28,799）被选为病例。
在研究人群中，1.46%的人至少有一次因精神疾病而缺勤的情况。女性因精神疾病诊断而缺勤的累积发病率是男性的两倍。累积发病率在45-59岁的人群中最高。男性的缺勤天数更多。抑郁症是男性和女性中最常见的诊断。
需要加大力度识别、治疗和康复因缺勤而工作能力下降的个体。男性长期病假风险增加的问题需要进一步关注。
