ArboNed Occupational Health Services, Statistics, Groningen, The Netherlands.
BMC Public Health. 2010 Jul 20;10:426. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-426.
Common mental disorders (CMDs) are an important cause of sickness absence and long-term work disability. Although CMDs are known to have high recurrence rates, little is known about the recurrence of sickness absence due to CMDs. The aim of this study was to investigate the recurrence of sickness absence due to CMDs, including distress, adjustment disorders, depressive disorders and anxiety disorders, according to age, in male and female employees in the Netherlands.
Data on sickness absence episodes due to CMDs were obtained for 137,172 employees working in the Dutch Post and Telecommunication companies between 2001 and 2007. The incidence density (ID) and recurrence density (RD) of sickness absence due to CMDs was calculated per 1000 person-years in men and women in the age-groups of < 35 years, 35-44 years, 45-54 years, and > or = 55 years.
The ID of one episode of CMDs sickness absence was 25.0 per 1000 person-years, and the RD was 76.7 per 1000 person-years. Sickness absence due to psychiatric disorders (anxiety and depression) does not have a higher recurrence density of sickness absence due to any CMDs as compared to stress-related disorders (distress and adjustment disorders): 81.6 versus 76.0 per 1000 person-years. The ID of sickness absence due to CMDs was higher in women than in men, but the RD was similar. Recurrences were more frequent in women < 35 years and in women between 35 and 44 years of age. We observed no differences between age groups in men. Recurrences among employees with recurrent episodes occurred within 3 years in 90% of cases and the median time-to-onset of recurrence was 11 (10-13) months in men and 10 (9-12) months in women.
Employees who have been absent from work due to CMDs are at increased risk of recurrent sickness absence due to CMDs and should be monitored after they return to work. The RD was similar in men and in women. In women < 45 years the RD was higher than in women > or = 45 years. In men no age differences were observed.
常见精神障碍（CMDs）是导致病假和长期工作残疾的重要原因。尽管已知 CMDs 的复发率很高，但对于 CMDs 导致的病假复发情况却知之甚少。本研究旨在根据年龄，调查荷兰男性和女性员工因 CMDs（包括痛苦、适应障碍、抑郁障碍和焦虑障碍）导致的病假复发情况。
本研究获取了 2001 年至 2007 年间在荷兰邮政和电信公司工作的 137172 名员工的 CMDs 病假发作数据。使用发病率密度（ID）和复发密度（RD）来计算每个年龄组（<35 岁、35-44 岁、45-54 岁和>=55 岁）中每 1000 人年的 CMDs 病假的发病率和复发率。
CMD 病假的一次发作 ID 为 25.0/1000 人年，RD 为 76.7/1000 人年。与应激相关障碍（痛苦和适应障碍）相比，精神障碍（焦虑和抑郁）导致的病假复发密度并无更高的 RD（81.6 比 76.0/1000 人年）。女性的 CMD 病假 ID 高于男性，但 RD 相似。女性<35 岁和 35-44 岁年龄组的病假复发更为频繁。男性不同年龄组之间没有差异。复发的员工中，有 90%在 3 年内再次出现病假，男性的中位复发时间为 11（10-13）个月，女性为 10（9-12）个月。
因 CMDs 缺勤的员工再次因 CMDs 缺勤的风险增加，在其重返工作岗位后应进行监测。RD 在男性和女性之间相似。在<45 岁的女性中，RD 高于>=45 岁的女性。在男性中，未观察到年龄差异。
