Chacín-Bonilla L, Sánchez-Chávez Y
Instituto de Investigaciones Clinicas, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2000 Mar;62(3):347-52. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2000.62.347.
The prevalences of intestinal parasites and intensities of helminth infections were studied in two Amerindian villages in Venezuela. Single stool specimens were collected from 303 individuals from Saimadoyi and 130 from Campo Rosario. Wet mounts, iron-hematoxylin-stained smears, and formalin-ether concentrates were examined for the presence of parasites; modified Ziehl-Neelsen carbol-fuchsin staining of 10% formalin-preserved stool was used to identify Cryptosporidium parvum. Helminth ova counts were made using the standard smear egg count technique. Mixed infections (Campo Rosario = 69.9%, Saimadoyi = 71.6%) were frequent. Overall infection rates with one or more species (Campo Rosario = 79.2%, Saimadoyi = 95.4%; P < 0.01) and with any protozoans (Campo Rosario = 60.8%, Saimadoyi = 72.3%; P < 0.05) were high and predominant (P < 0.05) in Saimadoyi. Cryptosporidiosis was identified in 38 subjects (8.8%) in both villages; 60.6% were asymptomatic carriers. The mean egg counts of helminths were heavier in Campo Rosario (P < 0.05), which was probably due to the drastic reduction of their lands along with their low standard of living. This study documents the change of intestinal parasitism pattern and deterioration of the health of Amerindians by the process of acculturation.
在委内瑞拉的两个美洲印第安村庄，对肠道寄生虫的流行情况和蠕虫感染强度进行了研究。从萨马多伊的303人和坎波罗萨里奥的130人那里采集了单次粪便样本。对湿涂片、铁苏木精染色涂片和福尔马林-乙醚浓缩物进行寄生虫检测；用改良的齐尔-尼尔森石炭酸品红染色法对10%福尔马林固定的粪便进行染色，以鉴定微小隐孢子虫。使用标准涂片虫卵计数技术进行蠕虫虫卵计数。混合感染很常见（坎波罗萨里奥=69.9%，萨马多伊=71.6%）。一个或多个物种的总体感染率（坎波罗萨里奥=79.2%，萨马多伊=95.4%；P<0.01）以及任何原生动物的感染率（坎波罗萨里奥=60.8%，萨马多伊=72.3%；P<0.05）都很高，且在萨马多伊占主导地位（P<0.05）。在两个村庄的38名受试者（8.8%）中发现了隐孢子虫病；60.6%为无症状携带者。坎波罗萨里奥的蠕虫平均虫卵计数更高（P<0.05），这可能是由于他们的土地大幅减少以及生活水平较低。这项研究记录了文化适应过程中美洲印第安人肠道寄生虫模式的变化和健康状况的恶化。
