Martins C, Gaffan E A
University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2000 Sep;41(6):737-46.
We analysed results from seven American and British studies that compared groups of mothers with and without clinically diagnosed depression, and assessed the attachment category of their infants (under 3 years) using the Strange Situation. The samples were predominantly middle-income and free of risk factors other than maternal depression. Meta-analysis using loglinear modelling and standardised residuals showed that the effect of depression on the distribution of infants' attachment was statistically heterogeneous. However, after removing one outlier study, the effect of depression was homogeneous across the remaining six studies. Infants of depressed mothers showed significantly reduced likelihood of secure (B) attachment and marginally raised likelihood of avoidant (A) and disorganised (D) attachment. The first two effects varied considerably in magnitude between studies, whereas the increase in disorganised attachment, from 17% to 28% on average, was consistent.
我们分析了七项美国和英国的研究结果，这些研究比较了临床诊断为有抑郁症和无抑郁症的母亲群体，并使用陌生情境法评估了她们三岁以下婴儿的依恋类型。样本主要为中等收入群体，除母亲患抑郁症外无其他风险因素。使用对数线性模型和标准化残差进行的荟萃分析表明，抑郁症对婴儿依恋分布的影响在统计学上具有异质性。然而，在剔除一项异常值研究后，抑郁症的影响在其余六项研究中具有同质性。患抑郁症母亲的婴儿表现出安全（B型）依恋的可能性显著降低，回避（A型）和混乱（D型）依恋的可能性略有增加。前两种影响在不同研究中的程度差异很大，而混乱依恋的增加平均从17%到28%是一致的。
