Elgafy H, Ebraheim N A, Yeasting R A
Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Anatomy, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, OH 43614-5807, USA.
J Hand Surg Am. 2000 Sep;25(5):930-5. doi: 10.1053/jhsu.2000.16359.
Thirty upper limbs from skeletally mature embalmed cadavers were studied to determine the anatomic reliability of the posterior interosseous nerve as a donor nerve graft. The posterior interosseous nerve branches 0.43 +/- 0.52 cm from the distal edge of the superficial head of the supinator and 8 +/- 1.6 cm from the lateral epicondyle form a common leash. There are 6 branches, which are arranged from the ulnar to the radial side at their origin from this leash. The first and second branches supply the extensor digitorum communis, the third branch supplies the extensor carpi ulnaris, the fourth branch supplies the extensor digiti minimi, and the fifth branch arises from the undersurface of the common leash and divides into 2 sub-branches (medial and lateral) 10.1 +/- 3.2 cm distal to the lateral epicondyle and 12.8 +/- 2.2 cm proximal to Lister's tubercle. These 2 sub-branches make an inverted V shape around the extensor pollicis longus. The medial branch supplies the extensor pollicis longus and extensor indicis proprius. The lateral branch supplies the extensor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis and ends at the wrist capsule. At a mean distance of 8.1 +/- 1.2 cm proximal to Lister's tubercle the lateral sub-branch gives off its last muscular branch to the extensor pollicis longus and becomes a pure sensory terminus. As the terminal part of the lateral sub-branch approaches the wrist capsule it expands at a mean distance of 1.9 +/- 0.5 cm proximal to Lister's tubercle. The sixth branch arises from the radial side of the common leash and divides into 3 sub-branches. The first sub-branch supplies the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis, the second supplies the abductor pollicis longus, and the third supplies the superficial head of the supinator. This study showed that the mean length obtainable for harvesting the lateral sub-branch of the fifth branch of the posterior interosseous nerve is 6.2 +/- 0.7 cm, which represents the length of the nerve between the last muscular branch to the extensor pollicis longus to the point at which the nerve expands.
对30具骨骼成熟的防腐尸体的上肢进行研究，以确定骨间后神经作为供体神经移植物的解剖学可靠性。骨间后神经在距旋后肌浅头远侧边缘0.43±0.52厘米处以及距外侧髁8±1.6厘米处分支形成一个共同束。有6个分支，它们在起源于该束时从尺侧到桡侧排列。第一和第二分支供应指总伸肌，第三分支供应尺侧腕伸肌，第四分支供应小指伸肌，第五分支起源于共同束的下面，在距外侧髁远侧10.1±3.2厘米和Lister结节近侧12.8±2.2厘米处分成2个亚分支（内侧和外侧）。这2个亚分支围绕拇长伸肌形成倒V形。内侧分支供应拇长伸肌和示指固有伸肌。外侧分支供应拇长伸肌和拇短伸肌，并止于腕关节囊。在距Lister结节近侧平均8.1±1.2厘米处，外侧亚分支发出其最后一个肌肉分支至拇长伸肌，并成为纯感觉终末。当外侧亚分支的终末部分接近腕关节囊时，它在距Lister结节近侧平均1.9±0.5厘米处扩张。第六分支起源于共同束的桡侧并分成3个亚分支。第一个亚分支供应拇长展肌和拇短伸肌，第二个供应拇长展肌，第三个供应旋后肌浅头。本研究表明，可获取用于采集骨间后神经第五分支外侧亚分支的平均长度为6.2±0.7厘米，这代表了从至拇长伸肌的最后一个肌肉分支到神经扩张点之间的神经长度。
