Branovacki G, Hanson M, Cash R, Gonzalez M
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60612-7342, USA.
J Hand Surg Br. 1998 Apr;23(2):167-9. doi: 10.1016/s0266-7681(98)80166-6.
Sixty paired cadaver forearms were dissected to examine the distribution of the radial nerve branches to the muscles at the elbow and forearm. Emphasis was placed on the innervation of the extensor carpi radialis brevis and the supinator muscles because of discrepancies in the literature concerning these muscles. The most common branching pattern (from proximal to distal) was to brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, superficial sensory, extensor carpi radialis brevis, supinator, extensor digitorum/extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor digiti minimi, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus and extensor indicis. The branch to extensor digitorum and extensor carpi ulnaris came off as a common stem often with the branch to extensor digiti minimi. The branch to the ECRB muscle was noted to arise from the posterior interosseous nerve in 45%, superficial sensory nerve in 25% and at the bifurcation of the posterior interosseous and superficial sensory nerves in 30% of specimens. The supinator had an average of 2.3 branches from the posterior interosseous nerve (range 1-6). The branches to the supinator showed a wide variability proximal to and within the supinator.
解剖了60对尸体前臂，以检查桡神经分支在肘部和前臂肌肉的分布情况。由于文献中关于这些肌肉的描述存在差异，因此重点研究了桡侧腕短伸肌和旋后肌的神经支配。最常见的分支模式（从近端到远端）为：肱桡肌、桡侧腕长伸肌、浅感觉支、桡侧腕短伸肌、旋后肌、指伸肌/尺侧腕伸肌、小指伸肌、拇长展肌、拇短伸肌、拇长伸肌和示指伸肌。指伸肌和尺侧腕伸肌的分支通常与小指伸肌的分支共干发出。在45%的标本中，桡侧腕短伸肌的分支发自骨间后神经，25%发自浅感觉神经，30%发自骨间后神经与浅感觉神经的分叉处。旋后肌平均有2.3支来自骨间后神经的分支（范围为1 - 6支）。旋后肌的分支在旋后肌近端及旋后肌内表现出很大的变异性。
