农药对马来西亚吉打州穆达农业发展区（MADA）稻农血清胆碱酯酶活性和电流感觉阈值的影响。

The effect of pesticide on the activity of serum cholinesterase and current perception threshold on the paddy farmers in the Muda agricultural development area, MADA, Kedah, Malaysia.

作者信息

Husin L S, Uttaman A, Hisham H J, Hussain I H, Jamil M R

机构信息

Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

出版信息

Med J Malaysia. 1999 Sep;54(3):320-4.

PMID:11045057

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The aim of this study was to find out the indicator as a marker of person who are exposed to pesticides (organophospate). Up to now the serum cholinesterase is used as a marker. This new method will not taking blood vein since this be the obstacle in conducting research in a rural area.

METHODS

A cross sectional study was conducted to investigate the effect of pesticide exposure on the activity of serum cholinesterase (ChE) and current perception threshold (CPT). The samples are 60 paddy farmers (exposed group) and control group taken from the office of Muda agricultural area of Kedah in 19 do not expose to pesticide. The CPT values measured using a portable constant current electric nerve stimulator, Neurometer CPT/Eagle (Neurotron Incorporated, Baltimore, USA). Assessments carried out by one examiner on the index finger (median digital nerve) and the great toe (peroneal digital nerve). The current used are 3 neuroselective frequency range 2000 Hz, 250 Hz, and 5 Hz. The serum cholinesterase activity measured spectrophotometrically using cholinesterase inhibition test kit CHE MHE 1,144729.

RESULT

It was significantly evident that the serum cholinesterase activity noted reduced among the paddy farmers (p = 0.014). The CPT values were significantly elevated for the 2000 Hz frequency range for both the measurement sites (index finger p < 0.0001 and great toe p < 0.0001). For the 250 Hz frequency range CPT values were significant only for the index finger (p = 0.012). However there was no significant difference for the 5 Hz frequency range. There was also a significant correlation (negative) between CPT values and serum cholinesterase activity more for the 2000 Hz frequency range (index finger r = 0.672, p < 0.0001 & for great toe r = 0.736, p < 0.0001). The results were suggestive of subclinical impairment of distal axonopathy considering the fact only 25% of the farmer showed clinical manifestation of numbness.

CONCLUSION

The selective involvement of the large diameter sensory fibres (250 Hz and 2000 Hz) were reflective of toxic peripheral neuropathy. Neurometer CPT/Eagle used as indicator for detecting the effect of pesticide instead of using cholinesterase enzyme activity.

摘要

背景

本研究的目的是找出作为接触农药（有机磷酸酯）人群标志物的指标。到目前为止，血清胆碱酯酶被用作标志物。这种新方法无需采血，因为在农村地区进行研究时采血是一个障碍。

方法

进行了一项横断面研究，以调查农药暴露对血清胆碱酯酶（ChE）活性和电流感觉阈值（CPT）的影响。样本为60名稻农（暴露组）和对照组，对照组取自吉打州慕达农业区办公室的19名未接触农药的人员。使用便携式恒流电神经刺激器Neurometer CPT/Eagle（美国巴尔的摩Neurotron公司）测量CPT值。由一名检查人员对食指（正中指神经）和大脚趾（腓总指神经）进行评估。使用的电流为3个神经选择性频率范围，即2000 Hz、250 Hz和5 Hz。使用胆碱酯酶抑制测试试剂盒CHE MHE 1,144729通过分光光度法测量血清胆碱酯酶活性。

结果

明显可见，稻农的血清胆碱酯酶活性降低（p = 0.014）。两个测量部位（食指p < 0.0001，大脚趾p < 0.0001）在2000 Hz频率范围内的CPT值均显著升高。在250 Hz频率范围内，CPT值仅在食指上有显著差异（p = 0.012）。然而，在5 Hz频率范围内没有显著差异。在2000 Hz频率范围内，CPT值与血清胆碱酯酶活性之间也存在显著的（负）相关性（食指r = 0.672，p < 0.0001；大脚趾r = 0.736，p < 0.0001）。考虑到只有25%的农民有麻木的临床表现，结果提示存在亚临床远端轴索性神经病损伤。