Jawad M S, Eccles R
Common Cold Centre, Cardiff School of Biosciences, University of Wales, UK.
J Pharm Pharmacol. 2000 Sep;52(9):1137-42. doi: 10.1211/0022357001774903.
Dextromethorphan is one of the most widely used antitussives for the treatment of cough associated with acute upper respiratory tract infection. However, there is very little data to support the efficacy of dextromethorphan in this disease state. This aim of this study was to obtain more information about the efficacy of a single dose of 30 mg dextromethorphan in the treatment of cough associated with acute upper respiratory tract infection. The study was a double-blind, stratified, randomized and parallel group design. Both objective and subjective measurements of cough were recorded over 10-min recording periods in a quiet room before (baseline) and at 90, 135 and 180 min after treatment. Forty-three patients (30 females and 13 males), mean age 22.9 years (range 18-46 years), with acute dry or slightly productive cough and otherwise healthy were included in the study. Patients were randomized to placebo treatment (n = 22) and dextromethorphan treatment (n=21). The results showed similar trends in both treatment groups with statistically significant reductions (P < 0.05) in cough sound pressure level (CSPL), cough frequency (CF) and subjective scores for cough severity within treatment groups but little difference between the treatment groups during the study period. The only statistically significant difference between treatment groups was for the mean CSPL changes from baseline to 90 min (P=0.019). There was a significant positive correlation between CSPL and CF (r = 0.752, P= 0.000) for changes in cough measurements from baseline to 90 min after treatment and this indicates that CSPL may be a useful measure of cough severity. This study provides very little if any support for clinically significant antitussive activity of a single 30 mg dose of dextromethorphan in patients with cough associated with acute upper respiratory tract infection.
右美沙芬是治疗急性上呼吸道感染相关咳嗽最常用的止咳药之一。然而，几乎没有数据支持右美沙芬在这种疾病状态下的疗效。本研究的目的是获取更多关于单剂量30毫克右美沙芬治疗急性上呼吸道感染相关咳嗽疗效的信息。该研究采用双盲、分层、随机和平行组设计。在安静房间中，于治疗前（基线）以及治疗后90、135和180分钟，在10分钟记录期内记录咳嗽的客观和主观测量值。43例患者（30例女性和13例男性）纳入研究，平均年龄22.9岁（范围18 - 46岁），患有急性干咳或轻度咳痰且无其他健康问题。患者被随机分为安慰剂治疗组（n = 22）和右美沙芬治疗组（n = 21）。结果显示，两个治疗组呈现相似趋势，治疗组内咳嗽声压水平（CSPL）、咳嗽频率（CF）和咳嗽严重程度主观评分均有统计学显著降低（P < 0.05），但在研究期间治疗组之间差异不大。治疗组之间唯一具有统计学显著差异的是从基线到90分钟的平均CSPL变化（P = 0.019）。治疗后从基线到90分钟咳嗽测量值变化中，CSPL与CF之间存在显著正相关（r = 0.752，P = 0.000），这表明CSPL可能是咳嗽严重程度的有用指标。本研究几乎没有支持单剂量30毫克右美沙芬对急性上呼吸道感染相关咳嗽患者具有临床显著止咳活性的证据。
