Rao S, Carter W B, Mapes D L, Kallich J D, Kamberg C J, Spritzer K L, Hays R D
Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Clin Ther. 2000 Sep;22(9):1099-111. doi: 10.1016/S0149-2918(00)80087-9.
The Kidney Disease Quality of Life Instrument (KDQOL) was developed to provide clinicians with a comprehensive assessment of the important domains of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) for patients with end-stage renal disease who are undergoing hemodialysis.
The purpose of this study was to develop subscales from the 55 items comprising the Symptoms/Problems and Effects of Kidney Disease scales of the KDQOL and to measure the internal consistency reliability of these subscales.
The 55 items from the Symptoms/Problems and Effects of Kidney Disease scales were arranged into substantively meaningful clusters using an affinity mapping procedure. The resulting subscales were assessed for internal consistency reliability using data from a sample of 165 individuals with kidney disease who had completed the KDQOL.
Eleven multi-item subscales were identified: pain, psychological dependency, cognitive functioning, social functioning, dialysis-related symptoms, cardiopulmonary symptoms, sleep, energy, cramps, diet, and appetite. Four items (clotting or other problems with access site, high blood pressure, numbness in hands or feet, and blurred vision) were not included in any of these subscales. Internal consistency reliability estimates for the 11 subscales ranged from 0.66 to 0.92. These subscales correlated with the scales from the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey as hypothesized (ie, corresponding pain, energy, and social functioning scales had the highest correlations). In addition, several subscales were significantly associated, as hypothesized, with other variables such as the number of disability days.
The results of this study further support the reliability and validity of the KDQOL. The 11 subscales identified yield more detailed information on the HRQOL of patients with kidney disease and provide a basis for specific improvements in the quality of care delivered to these patients.
肾病生活质量量表（KDQOL）旨在为临床医生提供全面评估，以了解接受血液透析的终末期肾病患者健康相关生活质量（HRQOL）的重要领域。
本研究的目的是从KDQOL中包含症状/问题及肾病影响量表的55个条目中开发子量表，并测量这些子量表的内部一致性信度。
使用亲和映射程序将症状/问题及肾病影响量表中的55个条目排列成具有实质意义的聚类。使用来自165名完成KDQOL的肾病患者样本的数据，对所得子量表进行内部一致性信度评估。
确定了11个多项目子量表：疼痛、心理依赖、认知功能、社会功能、透析相关症状、心肺症状、睡眠、精力、抽筋、饮食和食欲。四个条目（血管通路部位的凝血或其他问题、高血压、手脚麻木和视力模糊）未包含在任何这些子量表中。11个子量表的内部一致性信度估计值范围为0.66至0.92。这些子量表与假设的36项简短健康调查量表相关（即相应的疼痛、精力和社会功能量表相关性最高）。此外，如假设的那样，几个子量表与其他变量如残疾天数显著相关。
本研究结果进一步支持了KDQOL的信度和效度。所确定的11个子量表提供了关于肾病患者HRQOL的更详细信息，并为改善这些患者的护理质量提供了具体依据。
