Wells S J
Department of Clinical and Population Sciences, University of Minnesota, College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul 55108 USA.
J Dairy Sci. 2000 Oct;83(10):2380-6. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(00)75127-7.
The objective here was to present a model for considering biosecurity related to infectious diseases on US dairy operations using a risk assessment framework. With the example of an important dairy cattle pathogen (Mycobacterium paratuberculosis), I followed risk assessment steps to characterize risks related to the use of certain management practices and possible risk reduction within an infectious disease biosecurity program. Biosecurity practices focus on the prevention of introduction of these pathogens to the dairy, and estimates of the risks associated with introduction of different sources of cattle are presented. In addition, biosecurity practices also limit the transmission of these pathogens within an infected dairy operation, especially those focused on sick cow management, calving area management, and manure management. Recent information from the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) Dairy 96 Study indicates that many of these practices have not been adopted on US dairy operations, indicating both risk of disease and opportunity for animal health improvement.
此处的目标是使用风险评估框架，提出一个用于考量美国奶牛场与传染病相关的生物安全的模型。以一种重要的奶牛病原体（副结核分枝杆菌）为例，我遵循风险评估步骤，来描述与某些管理措施的使用相关的风险，以及传染病生物安全计划中可能的风险降低情况。生物安全措施侧重于防止这些病原体传入奶牛场，并给出了与引入不同来源奶牛相关的风险估计。此外，生物安全措施还限制了这些病原体在受感染奶牛场中的传播，特别是那些侧重于病牛管理、产犊区管理和粪便管理的措施。来自国家动物健康监测系统（NAHMS）奶牛96研究的最新信息表明，美国奶牛场尚未采用许多这些措施，这既表明了疾病风险，也表明了改善动物健康的机会。
