Zorbas Y G, Kakurin V J, Afonin V B, Charapakhin K P, Yarullin V L, Deogenov V A
Kosmic Biology and Medicine Institute, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2000 Aug;76(2):113-131. doi: 10.1385/BTER:76:2:113.
Hypokinesia (diminished movement) induces significant calcium (Ca) changes, but little is known about the effect of hypokinesia (HK) on Ca deficiency. Measuring Ca changes during and after HK the aim of this study was to determine Ca deficiency during prolonged HK. Studies were done on 12 male Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkeys) aged 3-5 yr (5.58-6.42 kg) during a 90-d pre-HK period, a 90-d HK period, and a 15-d post-HK period. Monkeys were equally divided into two groups: vivarium control monkeys (VCM) and hypokinetic monkeys (HKM). Hypokinetic monkeys were kept in small individual cages that restricted their movements in all directions without hindering food and water intakes. Urinary, fecal, and serum Ca, urinary and serum magnesium (Mg) and phosphate (P), serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), and calcitonin (CT) concentration, body weight, food intake, fluid consumed and eliminated in urine were measured. During the HK period, fecal Ca loss, urinary Ca, P, and Mg excretion, fluid elimination, and serum P, Ca, and Mg concentration increased significantly (p < or = 0.01), whereas serum iPTH and CT concentration, food and fluid intakes, and body weight decreased significantly (p < or = 0.01) in the HKM group when compared with the VCM group. During the initial days of the post-HK period, serum Ca, Mg, and P concentration, fecal Ca loss, urinary Ca, Mg, and P excretion, and fluid elimination decreased significantly (p < or = 0.01), whereas fluid intake increased significantly (p < or = 0.01) in the HKM group when compared with the VCM group. Food intake, body weight, and serum iPTH and CT concentrations remained significantly (p < or = 0.01) depressed in the HKP group when compared with the VCM; however, they increased as the duration of the post-HK period increased. By contrast, the corresponding parameters remained stable in the VCM group when compared with the baseline control values. It was shown that fecal and urinary Ca loss and serum Ca concentration increases significantly during HK, whereas during postHK fecal, urinary, and serum Ca decreases significantly. It was concluded that significant decrease of serum, urinary, and fecal Ca during post-HK may suggest the presence of Ca deficiency during prolonged HK.
运动减退（运动减少）会引起显著的钙（Ca）变化，但关于运动减退（HK）对钙缺乏的影响却知之甚少。本研究旨在通过测量运动减退期间及之后的钙变化，以确定长期运动减退期间的钙缺乏情况。研究在12只3 - 5岁（体重5.58 - 6.42千克）的雄性恒河猴上进行，实验分为90天的运动减退前阶段、90天的运动减退阶段和15天的运动减退后阶段。猴子被平均分为两组：饲养对照猴（VCM）和运动减退猴（HKM）。运动减退猴被关在狭小的单独笼子里，限制其各个方向的活动，但不影响食物和水的摄入。测量了尿、粪便和血清中的钙，尿和血清中的镁（Mg）和磷（P），血清完整甲状旁腺激素（iPTH）和降钙素（CT）浓度，体重，食物摄入量，尿液中消耗和排出的液体量。在运动减退期间，与VCM组相比，HKM组的粪便钙流失、尿钙、磷和镁排泄、液体排出以及血清磷、钙和镁浓度显著增加（p≤0.01），而血清iPTH和CT浓度、食物和液体摄入量以及体重显著下降（p≤0.01）。在运动减退后阶段的最初几天，与VCM组相比，HKM组的血清钙、镁和磷浓度、粪便钙流失、尿钙、镁和磷排泄以及液体排出显著减少（p≤0.01），而液体摄入量显著增加（p≤0.01）。与VCM组相比，HKP组的食物摄入量、体重以及血清iPTH和CT浓度仍显著降低（p≤0.01）；然而，随着运动减退后阶段持续时间的增加，它们有所增加。相比之下，与基线对照值相比，VCM组的相应参数保持稳定。结果表明，运动减退期间粪便和尿钙流失以及血清钙浓度显著增加，而运动减退后粪便、尿液和血清钙显著减少。研究得出结论，运动减退后血清、尿液和粪便钙的显著降低可能表明长期运动减退期间存在钙缺乏。
