Zorbas Y G, Kakurin V J, Kuznetsov N A, Yarullin V L, Andreyev I D, Charapakhin K P
Higher Institute of Biochemistry, Gomel, Belarus, Athens, Greece.
Panminerva Med. 2002 Sep;44(3):243-51.
Hypokinesia (diminished movement) induces significant phosphate (P) change, however, little is known about P retention and P depletion during hypokinesia (HK). Measuring P retention and P balance during HK and P supplementation, the objective of this work was to disclose whether HK could contribute to the decreased P retention and consequently to P depletion in normal subjects.
Studies were done during 30 days pre-HK period and 364 days HK period. Forty normal male individuals aged, 25.3+/-6.4 years were chosen as subjects. They were divided equally into 4 groups: unsupplemented active control subjects (UACS), unsupplemented hypokinetic subjects (UHKS), supplemented active control subjects (SACS) and supplemented hypokinetic subjects (SHKS). Hypokinetic subjects were limited to an average walking distance of 0.5 km day-l, while active control subjects were kept on an average running distance of 9.6 km day-l. Both, SHKS and SACS received daily 14 mmol dicalcium phosphate per kg body weight.
Negative P balance, fecal P, urinary calcium (Ca) and P excretion, serum P and total (Cat) level increased significantly (p<0.05) while P retention, serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25 (OH)2 D3) and thyrocalcitonin (TC) decreased significantly (p<0.05) in SHKS and UHKS compared with their pre-HK values and their respective active controls (SACS and UACS). However, negative P balance, P retention incapacity, serum, fecal and urinary P level increased significantly (p<0.05) more in SHKS compared with UHKS. Fecal P loss, urinary P and Ca loss, serum P and Cat level, iPTH, TC and 1,25 (OH)2 D3 level, P retention and P balance change insignificantly (p>0.05) in SACS and UACS compared with their pre-HK level.
It was concluded that a significant P excretion in urine and feces in spite of negative P balance and P supplementation may demonstrate reduced P retention, while a significant increase of negative P balance may demonstrate P depletion. Clearly, P intake, regardless of its low or higher dose, was significantly wasted during HK probably due to the decreased ability of the body to retain P.
运动减少（活动量降低）会引起显著的磷酸盐（P）变化，然而，关于运动减少（HK）期间的磷潴留和磷消耗却知之甚少。通过测量运动减少期间及补充磷时的磷潴留和磷平衡，本研究旨在揭示运动减少是否会导致正常受试者磷潴留减少，进而导致磷消耗。
研究在运动减少前30天和运动减少364天期间进行。选择40名年龄为25.3±6.4岁的正常男性个体作为受试者。他们被平均分为4组：未补充磷的活动对照组（UACS）、未补充磷的运动减少组（UHKS）、补充磷的活动对照组（SACS）和补充磷的运动减少组（SHKS）。运动减少组受试者每天平均步行距离限制在0.5公里，而活动对照组受试者每天平均跑步距离为9.6公里。SHKS和SACS均按每公斤体重每天14毫摩尔的剂量补充磷酸二钙。
与运动减少前的值及其各自的活动对照组（SACS和UACS）相比，SHKS和UHKS的负磷平衡、粪便磷、尿钙（Ca）和磷排泄、血清磷和总钙（Cat）水平显著升高（p<0.05），而磷潴留、血清完整甲状旁腺激素（iPTH）、1,25-二羟维生素D（1,25(OH)2D3）和降钙素（TC）显著降低（p<0.05）。然而，与UHKS相比，SHKS的负磷平衡、磷潴留能力丧失、血清、粪便和尿磷水平显著升高（p<0.05）。与运动减少前水平相比，SACS和UACS的粪便磷流失、尿磷和钙流失、血清磷和Cat水平、iPTH、TC和1,25(OH)2D3水平、磷潴留和磷平衡变化不显著（p>0.05）。
尽管存在负磷平衡和补充磷的情况，但尿和粪便中显著的磷排泄可能表明磷潴留减少，而负磷平衡的显著增加可能表明磷消耗。显然，在运动减少期间，无论磷摄入量低或高，都可能因身体保留磷的能力下降而被显著浪费。
