Bradbury E J, McMahon S B, Ramer M S
Sensory Function Group, Centre for Neuroscience Research, Hodgkin Building, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London Bridge, SE1 1UL, London, UK.
Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2000 Oct;21(10):389-94. doi: 10.1016/s0165-6147(00)01536-4.
Adult neurones fail to regenerate when injured in the CNS, which leads to severe and irreversible functional deficits. Several important advances in understanding the reasons for this failure have been gained from the use of primary sensory neurones as a model system. The peripherally and centrally projecting branches of sensory neurones are differentially capable of regeneration, which is why these cells are ideally situated to elucidate the mechanisms that underlie regeneration failure. Such mechanisms include both a hostile environment within the spinal cord and a poor growth response following injury. For successful functional regeneration to occur, it is likely that both of these barriers will have to be surmounted, along with the challenge of guiding regrowing axons to appropriate postsynaptic targets. The contribution that the study of primary sensory neurones has made to the attainment of this goal will be reviewed.
中枢神经系统（CNS）中的成年神经元在受伤后无法再生，这会导致严重且不可逆转的功能缺陷。通过将初级感觉神经元用作模型系统，在理解这种再生失败原因方面取得了一些重要进展。感觉神经元的外周投射分支和中枢投射分支具有不同的再生能力，这就是为什么这些细胞非常适合用于阐明再生失败背后的机制。此类机制包括脊髓内的不利环境以及损伤后生长反应不佳。为了实现成功的功能再生，可能需要克服这两个障碍，同时还要应对引导再生轴突到达合适的突触后靶点这一挑战。本文将综述初级感觉神经元研究对实现这一目标所做出的贡献。
