Ryzhko I V, Tsuraeva R I, Lomov Iu M, Shut'ko A G, Mishan'kin B N, Koroleva N S, Samokhodkina E D, Shcherbaniuk A I
Research Plague Institute, Rostov-on-Don.
Antibiot Khimioter. 2000;45(9):7-12.
It was shown that sensitivity of Vibrio cholerae eltor P-5879 to tetracycline, levomycetin, furazolidone, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, rifampicin, quinolones in vitro correlated with drugs efficacy in the treatment of experimental cholera of albino mice. Mutants of V. cholerae eltor P-5879 Nalr resistant to nalidixic acid (MIC 160-200 mg/l) formed with frequency 10(-9)-110(-8) had no cross resistance to fluoroquinolones. But the efficacy of ofloxacin, lomefloxacin, norfloxacin against these mutants in vivo reduced, though it was not changed in vitro. Mutants of V. cholerae eltor P-5879 resistant to fluoroquinolones and selected after culturing in the presence of the drugs had cross resistance to all quinolones studied. Infection caused by Cpfr mutant could not be treated with nalidixic acid and fluoroquinolones, therapeutic efficacy of rifampicin and beta-lactams, also reduced though sensitivity in vitro was not changed. The results of investigation proves the necessity of quinolones use for cholerae treatment as it is recommended for other severe enteric infections.
结果表明，霍乱弧菌埃尔托生物型P - 5879对四环素、氯霉素、呋喃唑酮、甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑、氨基糖苷类、β -内酰胺类、利福平、喹诺酮类药物的体外敏感性与这些药物治疗白化小鼠实验性霍乱的疗效相关。对萘啶酸耐药（MIC为160 - 200mg/l）的霍乱弧菌埃尔托生物型P - 5879耐萘啶酸突变体的形成频率为10（-9）- 10（-8），对氟喹诺酮类无交叉耐药性。但氧氟沙星、洛美沙星、诺氟沙星对这些突变体的体内疗效降低，尽管体外疗效未变。在药物存在下培养后筛选出的对氟喹诺酮类耐药的霍乱弧菌埃尔托生物型P - 5879突变体对所有研究的喹诺酮类有交叉耐药性。由耐萘啶酸突变体引起的感染不能用萘啶酸和氟喹诺酮类治疗，利福平和β -内酰胺类的治疗效果也降低，尽管体外敏感性未变。研究结果证明了使用喹诺酮类治疗霍乱的必要性，正如推荐用于其他严重肠道感染一样。
