Dudina N A, Shut'ko A G, Ryzhko I V, Tsuraeva R I, Moldavan I A
Antibiot Khimioter. 2004;49(11):23-7.
Activity of 16 antibacterial agents against human isolates of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 serogroups (P-5879, 4990, 143/23, and MO-45, P- 16065 respectively) was studied in vitro. The efficacy of the agents was studied in a model of generalized cholera in albino mice. Susceptibility of Vibrio cholerae P-5879 (used as the control) in the in vitro experiments with respect to the antibacterial agents correlated with their in vivo efficacy. The strains of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 serogroups isolated within the recent years had transmissive markers of resistance to streptomycin, trimethoprime/sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, chloramphenicol and not transmitted by conjugation markers of resistance to rifampicin, furazolidone, nalidixic acid. The specific feature of the experimental infection due to such strains was the failure not only of the antibacterials of the resistance spectrum of the pathogen but also of the antibiotics showing in vitro susceptibility (betalactams, fluoroquinolones) that required additional bacteriological control on the 2nd or 3rd day of the etiotropic therapy for early replacement of the antibacterial agent.
体外研究了16种抗菌剂对霍乱弧菌O1群和O139群（分别为P - 5879、4990、143/23和MO - 45、P - 16065）人体分离株的活性。在白化病小鼠的全身性霍乱模型中研究了这些药剂的疗效。在体外实验中，霍乱弧菌P - 5879（用作对照）对抗菌剂的敏感性与其体内疗效相关。近年来分离出的霍乱弧菌O1群和O139群菌株具有对链霉素、甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑、四环素、氯霉素的耐药传递标记，而对利福平、呋喃唑酮、萘啶酸的耐药标记不通过接合传递。由这些菌株引起的实验性感染的特点是，不仅病原体耐药谱内的抗菌剂无效，而且体外显示敏感的抗生素（β - 内酰胺类、氟喹诺酮类）也无效，这就需要在病因治疗的第2天或第3天进行额外的细菌学监测，以便尽早更换抗菌剂。
