Surai P F, Noble R C, Sparks N H, Speake B K
Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Scottish Agricultural College, Auchincruive, Ayr KA6 5HW, UK.
J Reprod Fertil. 2000 Nov;120(2):257-64.
The possibility was investigated that dietary supplementation of the male chicken with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n-6 and n-3 series may prevent the decrease in sperm output that normally occurs by 60 weeks of age. From 26 weeks of age, birds were raised on wheat-based diets supplemented with either maize oil (rich in linoleic acid, 18:2n-6), arasco oil (rich in arachidonic acid, 20:4n-6) or tuna orbital oil (rich in docosahexaenoic acid, 22:6n-3). The effects of the last two oils were investigated at two levels of vitamin E supplementation (40 and 200 mg kg(-1) feed). By 60 weeks of age, there was a small increase in the proportion of the main polyunsaturate of chicken sperm phospholipid, docosatetraenoic acid 22:4n-6, in chickens fed arasco oil diet compared with chickens given the maize oil diet, an effect that was potentiated at the higher dietary intake of vitamin E. Supplementation with tuna orbital oil significantly reduced the proportions of 20:4n-6 and 22:4n-6 in the sperm phospholipid and increased the proportion of 22:6n-3. The diet supplemented with tuna orbital oil and the lower level of vitamin E markedly depleted vitamin E from the tissues of the birds and decreased the concentration of vitamin E in the semen; these effects were largely prevented by the higher level of vitamin E in the diet. The susceptibility of semen to lipid peroxidation in vitro was increased in chickens fed arasco and tuna orbital oils with 40 mg vitamin E kg(-1) feed, but was reduced when 200 mg vitamin E kg(-1) feed was provided in the diet. The number of spermatozoa per ejaculate decreased by 50% between 26 weeks and 60 weeks of age in the birds fed the maize oil diet. This age-related decrease in the number of spermatozoa was almost completely prevented by feeding the birds with the oils enriched in either 20:4n-6 or 22:6n-3. Testis mass at 60 weeks of age was approximately 1.5 times greater in birds given of the arasco and tuna orbital oil diets compared with those given the maize oil diet.
研究了在雄性鸡的日粮中补充 n-6 和 n-3 系列长链多不饱和脂肪酸是否可以防止通常在 60 周龄时出现的精子产量下降。从 26 周龄开始，将鸡饲养在以小麦为基础的日粮中，分别添加玉米油（富含亚油酸，18:2n-6）、阿拉斯加鱼油（富含花生四烯酸，20:4n-6）或金枪鱼眼窝油（富含二十二碳六烯酸，22:6n-3）。在两种维生素 E 补充水平（40 和 200 毫克/千克饲料）下研究了后两种油的效果。到 60 周龄时，与喂食玉米油日粮的鸡相比，喂食阿拉斯加鱼油日粮的鸡精子磷脂的主要多不饱和脂肪酸二十二碳四烯酸 22:4n-6 的比例略有增加，在较高日粮维生素 E 摄入量时这种效果更明显。补充金枪鱼眼窝油显著降低了精子磷脂中 20:4n-6 和 22:4n-6 的比例，并增加了 22:6n-3 的比例。补充金枪鱼眼窝油且维生素 E 水平较低的日粮使鸡组织中的维生素 E 显著减少，并降低了精液中维生素 E 的浓度；日粮中较高水平的维生素 E 在很大程度上防止了这些影响。喂食含有 40 毫克维生素 E/千克饲料的阿拉斯加鱼油和金枪鱼眼窝油的鸡，其精液在体外对脂质过氧化的敏感性增加，但当日粮中提供 200 毫克维生素 E/千克饲料时，这种敏感性降低。在喂食玉米油日粮的鸡中，每射精一次的精子数量在 26 周龄至 60 周龄之间减少了 50%。通过给鸡喂食富含 20:4n-6 或 22:6n-3 的油，几乎完全防止了精子数量随年龄的这种减少。与喂食玉米油日粮的鸡相比，在 60 周龄时，喂食阿拉斯加鱼油和金枪鱼眼窝油日粮的鸡的睾丸质量大约大 1.5 倍。
