Fisher C H, Oh K S, Bayless T M, Siegelman S S
Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med. 1975 Sep;125(1):207-17. doi: 10.2214/ajr.125.1.207.
Giardia lamblia infestation can cause severe diarrhea and malabsorption, and the diagnosis is usually made by identification of cysts in the feces, but small intestinal biopsy or smears may be required. A wide spectrum of roentgen changes may be seen. In patients with a normal immune status, the small bowel is normal or shows an inflammatory bowel disease pattern. Eradication of the parasite reverses these changes. In some patients with IgA deficiency, nodular lymphoid hyperplasia occurs, and this is usually not reversible. Other patients with hypogammaglobulinemia or dysgammaglobulinemia and giardiasis may show a sprue pattern. This pattern most often persists after eradication of the parasite. Although the triad of giardiasis, IgA deficiency, and nodular lymphoid hyperplasia has a particularly high association, these, together with diarrhea, malabsorption, and various altered immune states may occur in any combination.
蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫感染可导致严重腹泻和吸收不良，诊断通常通过粪便中囊肿的鉴定来进行，但可能需要进行小肠活检或涂片检查。可见广泛的X线改变。在免疫状态正常的患者中，小肠正常或呈现炎症性肠病模式。寄生虫的根除可逆转这些改变。在一些IgA缺乏的患者中，会出现结节性淋巴样增生，且这种情况通常不可逆。其他患有低丙种球蛋白血症或丙种球蛋白异常血症以及贾第虫病的患者可能呈现口炎性腹泻模式。这种模式在寄生虫根除后最常持续存在。尽管贾第虫病、IgA缺乏和结节性淋巴样增生三联征具有特别高的关联性，但这些情况与腹泻、吸收不良以及各种改变的免疫状态可能以任何组合形式出现。
