Féry Y A, Magnac R
Laboratoire des Sciences du Sport, UFR STAPS, Université René Descartes, Paris, France.
Perception. 2000;29(7):789-99. doi: 10.1068/p2960.
An object's location is best retrieved from the orientation in which it was learned. Otherwise, retrieval necessitates a mental effort to restore the original perspective. In this case there is a cost to speed and accuracy of location responses known as the alignment effect. We hypothesised that one can attenuate this alignment effect by systematically referring objects in an exocentric frame of reference during learning. Sixteen male students were asked to learn the location of five objects disposed in a totally new environment either by locating the objects in an egocentric or in an exocentric spatial frame of reference. After the learning phase, the participants were asked to imagine orienting themselves to an object in the scene and to point to another object. The analysis of pointing accuracy, orientation, and pointing times showed that the performances of participants engaged in the exocentric condition remained insensitive to the augmentation of the angle between their actual position on the path and the imagined orientation. On the other hand, the participants engaged in egocentric learning were disoriented when the difference between their actual orientation and the imagined orientation was great. We conclude that when an object's location is intentionally referred to in an exocentric reference frame, alignment effect can be significantly reduced.
物体的位置最好从其被学习时的方向来检索。否则，检索就需要付出脑力来恢复原来的视角。在这种情况下，位置反应的速度和准确性会受到一种代价，即所谓的对齐效应。我们假设，在学习过程中通过以外心参照系系统地指称物体，可以减弱这种对齐效应。16名男学生被要求在一个全新的环境中学习五个物体的位置，他们要么以自我中心空间参照系，要么以外心空间参照系来定位这些物体。在学习阶段之后，参与者被要求想象自己朝着场景中的一个物体定向，并指向另一个物体。对指向准确性、方向和指向时间的分析表明，以外心条件参与的参与者的表现对其在路径上的实际位置与想象方向之间角度的增加不敏感。另一方面，当以自我中心学习的参与者的实际方向与想象方向之间的差异很大时，他们就会迷失方向。我们得出结论，当以外心参照系有意指称物体的位置时，对齐效应可以显著降低。
