Kierszenbaum A L
Department of Cell Biology and Anatomical Sciences, The City University of New York Medical School, New York, NY 10031, USA.
Mol Reprod Dev. 2000 Dec;57(4):309-10. doi: 10.1002/1098-2795(200012)57:4<309::AID-MRD1>3.0.CO;2-W.
During spermiogenesis, hydrolytic enzymes are sorted from the Golgi apparatus to the acrosome, a supranuclear megavesicle. At fertilization, the enzymatic content of the acrosome is released by exocytosis when a portion of the plasma membrane enveloping the sperm head fuses with the outer membrane of the acrosome. Membrane fusion involves the interaction of a specific pair of proteins, called SNAREs (for soluble N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor attachment protein receptor). v-SNARE is presumably associated with the membrane of the acrosomal vesicle. Target t-SNARE is associated with the plasma membrane. The interaction of v-SNARE and t-SNARE requires two additional proteins: Rab proteins, members of a family of small GTPases related to the Ras proteins, and a complex of two proteins, NSF-SNAP, recruited by the interacting v-SNARE-tSNARE pair. Syntaxin 2, a v-SNARE member, and Rab3A, a member of the Rab GTPases, have been localized in the acrosome of rodent sperm.
在精子发生过程中，水解酶从高尔基体被分选到顶体，顶体是一种核上大囊泡。受精时，当包裹精子头部的部分质膜与顶体外膜融合时，顶体的酶成分通过胞吐作用释放出来。膜融合涉及一对特定蛋白质的相互作用，这对蛋白质称为SNAREs（可溶性N - 乙基马来酰亚胺敏感因子附着蛋白受体）。v - SNARE可能与顶体囊泡膜相关。靶标t - SNARE与质膜相关。v - SNARE和t - SNARE的相互作用还需要另外两种蛋白质：Rab蛋白，与Ras蛋白相关的小GTP酶家族成员，以及由相互作用的v - SNARE - tSNARE对招募的两种蛋白质NSF - SNAP组成的复合物。Syntaxin 2是一种v - SNARE成员，Rab3A是Rab GTP酶家族的成员，已定位在啮齿动物精子的顶体中。
