Prescrire Int. 2000 Aug;9(48):106-9.
(1) In France the licensed indications of a 23-valent polyoside pneumococcal vaccine called Pneumo 23 degrees have been extended to cover people over 65. (2) The only relevant published double-blind trial showed no reduction in the risk of pneumonia or death after vaccination in this age group. Similarly, a comparative unblinded trial involving more than 26,000 elderly people showed no reduction in the risk of pneumonia. (3) Some retrospective studies suggest that the vaccine may reduce the risk of infection with bacteraemia or meningitis, with no clear protection against the serotypes usually associated with diminished susceptibility to penicillin. (4) Randomised trials have also failed to show that older pneumococcal vaccines reduce the risk of pneumonia or death. (5) The adverse effects of Pneumo 23 degrees are generally mild and local. They occur most frequently after booster injections.
（1）在法国，一种名为“肺炎23价多糖疫苗”（Pneumo 23 degrees）的23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗的许可适应症已扩大至涵盖65岁以上人群。（2）唯一相关的已发表双盲试验表明，在该年龄组中接种疫苗后肺炎或死亡风险并未降低。同样，一项涉及超过26000名老年人的非盲对照试验也表明肺炎风险没有降低。（3）一些回顾性研究表明，该疫苗可能会降低菌血症或脑膜炎感染风险，但对通常与青霉素敏感性降低相关的血清型没有明确的保护作用。（4）随机试验也未能表明旧的肺炎球菌疫苗能降低肺炎或死亡风险。（5）“肺炎23价多糖疫苗”的不良反应通常较轻且为局部性。它们最常发生在加强注射后。
