Hashimoto T
Third Department of Medicine(Neurology), Shinshu University School of Medicine.
Nihon Rinsho. 2000 Oct;58(10):1994-9.
Major parkinsonian motor symptoms, i.e., bradykinesia, muscular rigidity, and resting tremor, are due to abnormalities in the motor circuit of the basal ganglia caused by loss of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons. Bradykinesia results from increased activity with altered firing patterns of the output nuclei of the basal ganglia. Exaggerated long-latency reflex or decreased Ib inhibition of the spinal reflex network have been suggested to underlie rigidity, but the relationship between these reflex abnormalities and the altered activities of the basal ganglia in the parkinsonian state remains unclear. The central oscillator for parkinsonian tremor has been localized in the basal ganglia circuit, and the cerebellar system also participates in generation of the tremor. Dyskinesia and dystonia may develop from decreased activity with altered firing patterns of the output nuclei of the basal ganglia.
主要的帕金森运动症状，即运动迟缓、肌肉僵硬和静止性震颤，是由于黑质纹状体多巴胺能神经元丧失导致基底神经节运动回路异常所致。运动迟缓是由基底神经节输出核活动增加及放电模式改变引起的。有人提出，夸张的长潜伏期反射或脊髓反射网络中Ib抑制作用减弱是僵硬的基础，但这些反射异常与帕金森状态下基底神经节活动改变之间的关系仍不清楚。帕金森震颤的中枢振荡器定位于基底神经节回路，小脑系统也参与震颤的产生。异动症和肌张力障碍可能是由基底神经节输出核活动减少及放电模式改变引起的。
