Corvilain B
Service d'Endocrinologie, Hôpital Erasme, U.L.B.
Rev Med Brux. 2000 Sep;21(4):A290-5.
Thyroid nodules are often encountered in clinical practice. Although the vast majority are benign lesions, about 5% may actually be cancerous. The main problem raised by a solitary nodule of the thyroid gland is therefore the diagnosis of neoplasia. Several diagnostic techniques have been proposed to distinguish benign nodules from malignant nodules. These techniques vary in reliability. History taking, physical examination, laboratory studies and diagnostic imaging may help the physician to categorise the nodule but only fine-needle aspiration biopsy provide sensitive and specific results in the diagnostic process. The reliability of this technique is largely dependent on the experience of the person performing the biopsy and that of the cytopathologist interpreting it.
甲状腺结节在临床实践中经常遇到。虽然绝大多数是良性病变,但约5%实际上可能是癌性的。因此,甲状腺单个结节引发的主要问题是肿瘤的诊断。已经提出了几种诊断技术来区分良性结节和恶性结节。这些技术的可靠性各不相同。病史采集、体格检查、实验室检查和诊断成像可能有助于医生对结节进行分类,但在诊断过程中只有细针穿刺活检能提供敏感且特异的结果。该技术的可靠性很大程度上取决于进行活检的人员以及解读结果的细胞病理学家的经验。