Carroll J F
Community Ment Health J. 1975 Winter;11(4):418-29. doi: 10.1007/BF01419665.
Are the addict and alcoholic mentally ill? By traditional standards, yes. The validity of the "mental illness" concept and its associated psychiatric labeling process, however, is challenged. A synthesis of the human ecological systems and third-force frames of reference is presented as a viable alternative to the medical "disease" model of alcoholism and drug dependency. According to the proposed disease model, "alcoholism," "addiction," and "mental illness" are considered to be modes of coping with pain and anger associated with a person's participating in social systems that frustrate self-actualization and diminish self-esteem. Combined treatment of "alcoholics," "addicts," and "nonaddicted psychiatric patients" is supported with qualifications.
成瘾者和酗酒者患有精神疾病吗？按照传统标准，答案是肯定的。然而，“精神疾病”概念及其相关的精神病学标签过程的有效性受到了挑战。本文提出了一种将人类生态系统和第三势力参照框架相结合的方法，作为酗酒和药物依赖医学“疾病”模型的可行替代方案。根据所提出的疾病模型，“酗酒”“成瘾”和“精神疾病”被认为是应对与个人参与阻碍自我实现和降低自尊的社会系统相关的痛苦和愤怒的方式。文中有保留地支持对“酗酒者”“成瘾者”和“未成瘾的精神病患者”进行联合治疗。
