Ripert C
Laboratoire de Parasitologie médicale, Université de Bordeaux 2.
Presse Med. 2000 Sep 30;29(28):1583-5.
Eggs from Schistosoma haematobium can be found in large quantities in end-miction urine. Their elimination is favored by forced urination. Large quantities of S. mansoni, S. intercalatum, S. japonicum, and S. mekongi can be found on the surface of stools and in mucus and bloody fecal matter. Eggs from S. haematobium are exceptionally found in stools and may be identified in rectosigmoid biopsy samples. Immunological reactions can also be used to identify the species.
Praziquantel, the drug of choice, is active against all schistosomal species. Oxamniquine is only active against S. mansoni and is not used outside Latin America. Molluscicidal agents have provided interesting results. Sanitary measures and education are essential therapeutic tools while waiting for a hypothetical vaccine.
在终末尿中可大量发现埃及血吸虫卵。用力排尿有助于虫卵排出。在粪便表面以及黏液和血性粪便中可大量发现曼氏血吸虫、间插血吸虫、日本血吸虫和湄公血吸虫。埃及血吸虫卵极少在粪便中发现，可在直肠乙状结肠活检样本中识别。免疫反应也可用于识别血吸虫种类。
首选药物吡喹酮对所有血吸虫种类均有活性。奥沙尼喹仅对曼氏血吸虫有活性，在拉丁美洲以外地区不使用。灭螺剂已取得了有趣的成果。在等待假设中的疫苗问世期间，卫生措施和教育是至关重要的治疗手段。
