Niaura R, Britt D M, Borrelli B, Shadel W G, Abrams D B, Goldstein M G
Center for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI 02906, USA.
Nicotine Tob Res. 1999 Sep;1(3):251-7. doi: 10.1080/14622299050011371.
History of depression in smokers has been associated with an inability to quit smoking and with an increased likelihood of smoking relapse. This study prospectively tracked nicotine withdrawal symptoms, symptoms of depression, and ability to quit smoking between smokers with and without a probable history of major depression who were trying to quit smoking with minimal assistance. Results indicated that prior to quitting, smokers with a history of depression smoked to reduce negative affect, in response to craving, and in social situations. Additionally, positive history smokers scored higher on the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) than did smokers without such a history. Following a quit attempt, positive history smokers were somewhat more likely to experience greater symptoms of nicotine withdrawal than negative history smokers. However, among the positive history smokers, depressive symptoms as measured by the CES-D increased significantly 4 weeks after trying to quit, compared to a decline among negative history smokers. Positive and negative history smokers did not significantly differ on ability to quit smoking within the 30-day follow-up period. History of depression appears to be associated with a delayed increase in symptoms of depression following a quit attempt. However, it remains to be demonstrated whether such an increase in depressive symptoms may influence later probability of relapse.
吸烟者的抑郁病史与戒烟困难及复吸可能性增加有关。本研究前瞻性地追踪了有或无重度抑郁可能病史的吸烟者在试图在最少帮助下戒烟期间的尼古丁戒断症状、抑郁症状及戒烟能力。结果表明，在戒烟前，有抑郁病史的吸烟者吸烟是为了减轻负面影响、应对渴望及社交场合。此外，有阳性病史的吸烟者在流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES-D）上的得分高于无此类病史的吸烟者。在尝试戒烟后，有阳性病史的吸烟者比有阴性病史的吸烟者更有可能出现更严重的尼古丁戒断症状。然而，在有阳性病史的吸烟者中，与有阴性病史的吸烟者症状下降相比，尝试戒烟4周后，用CES-D测量的抑郁症状显著增加。在30天随访期内，有阳性和阴性病史的吸烟者在戒烟能力上没有显著差异。抑郁病史似乎与戒烟尝试后抑郁症状的延迟增加有关。然而，这种抑郁症状的增加是否会影响后期的复吸可能性仍有待证实。
