Eissenberg T, Adams C, Riggins E C, Likness M
Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0205, USA.
Nicotine Tob Res. 1999 Dec;1(4):317-24. doi: 10.1080/14622299050011441.
Smoking tobacco cigarettes results in characteristic subject-rated and physiological effects in regular tobacco smokers. Few reports have investigated potential sex differences in the physiological and subjective effects produced by tobacco smoking, though previous reports indicate that men and women differ in their tobacco smoking behavior. Sex differences in the subjective and/or physiological effects of smoking may help determine why women find quitting smoking more difficult than men and may help guide gender-specific treatment when planning smoking cessation. This laboratory study investigated sex differences in the subjective and physiological effects of cigarette smoking and smoking behavior in men (n = 38) and women (n = 30) before, during, and after they smoked two of their usual brand of cigarettes through a flowmeter-type puff topography measurement device. Results showed that the reduction in 'desire to smoke' produced by cigarette smoking was greater in women than in men, that the physiological effects of smoking were independent of smokers' sex, and that women take smaller and shorter puffs than men. These results suggest that women may be more sensitive than men to some of the subjective but not the physiological effects of smoking.
吸食烟草香烟会在经常吸烟的人群中产生特定的主观感受和生理效应。尽管之前的报告表明男性和女性在吸烟行为上存在差异，但很少有报告研究吸烟所产生的生理和主观效应中潜在的性别差异。吸烟的主观和/或生理效应中的性别差异可能有助于确定为何女性比男性更难戒烟，并可能在规划戒烟时为针对性别的治疗提供指导。这项实验室研究通过流量计式抽吸地形测量装置，调查了38名男性和30名女性在吸食两支他们常用品牌香烟之前、期间和之后吸烟行为及吸烟的主观和生理效应中的性别差异。结果显示，吸烟导致的“吸烟欲望”降低在女性中比在男性中更明显，吸烟的生理效应与吸烟者的性别无关，并且女性的抽吸比男性更小、更短。这些结果表明，女性可能比男性对吸烟的某些主观效应更敏感，但对生理效应并非如此。
