Parent N, Fortin F
Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Heart Lung. 2000 Nov-Dec;29(6):389-400. doi: 10.1067/mhl.2000.110626.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether vicarious experience, in which former patients exemplify the active lives they are leading, reduces anxiety and increases self-efficacy expectation and self-reported activity in patients after cardiac surgery.
A randomized, controlled trial was used to evaluate an intervention that linked volunteers who had recovered from cardiac surgery in dyadic support with patients about to undergo similar surgery. The linking was achieved by means of visits during the hospitalization and recovery period.
Fifty-six first-time male patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, with a mean age of 56.5 years, were randomly assigned to an experimental (n = 27) or control group (n = 29).
Anxiety was measured at 48 hours and 24 hours before surgery, and again at 5 days and 4 weeks after surgery. Self-efficacy expectation and self-reported activity were both evaluated at 5 days and 4 weeks after surgery.
Only the experimental group showed a significant decrease in anxiety during hospitalization. At all measurement times after the first intervention, the experimental group reported significantly lower levels of anxiety compared with the control group. The experimental group reported significantly higher levels of self-efficacy expectation and self-reported activity for general activities, walking, and climbing stairs evaluated at 5 days, and for general activities at 4 weeks after surgery.
Vicarious experience provided through dyadic support is effective in helping patients undergoing cardiac surgery cope with surgical anxiety and in improving self-efficacy expectations and self-reported activity after surgery. Dyadic support is a valuable tool for recovery from cardiac surgery that needs to be maintained and explored through nursing practice and research.
本研究旨在确定替代性经验（即康复患者展示其积极的生活状态）是否能减轻心脏手术后患者的焦虑，提高自我效能期望，并增加自我报告的活动量。
采用随机对照试验来评估一项干预措施，该措施将心脏手术康复的志愿者与即将接受类似手术的患者进行配对支持。通过在住院和康复期间的探访来实现配对。
56名首次接受冠状动脉搭桥术（CABG）的男性患者，平均年龄56.5岁，被随机分为实验组（n = 27）或对照组（n = 29）。
在手术前48小时和24小时测量焦虑水平，术后5天和4周再次测量。在术后5天和4周评估自我效能期望和自我报告的活动量。
只有实验组在住院期间焦虑水平显著降低。在首次干预后的所有测量时间点，与对照组相比，实验组报告的焦虑水平显著更低。在术后5天评估的一般活动、步行和爬楼梯方面，以及术后4周评估的一般活动方面，实验组报告的自我效能期望和自我报告的活动量显著更高。
通过配对支持提供的替代性经验有效地帮助心脏手术患者应对手术焦虑，并提高术后自我效能期望和自我报告的活动量。配对支持是心脏手术康复的一种有价值的工具，需要通过护理实践和研究加以维持和探索。
