Kligerman A D, Doerr C L, Tennant A H, Peng B
Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
Mutat Res. 2000 Nov 20;471(1-2):107-12. doi: 10.1016/s1383-5718(00)00124-8.
Atrazine, simazine, and cyanazine are widely used preemergence and postemergence triazine herbicides that have made their way into the potable water supply of many agricultural communities. Although there are several contradictory genotoxicity studies in the literature, our previous in vitro studies with human lymphocytes showed that atrazine, simazine, and cyanazine did not induce sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) or chromosome aberrations (CAs) up to the limits of solubility in aqueous medium using 0.5% dimethyl sulfoxide. To expand upon these results and to ensure that our in vitro findings could be replicated in an in vivo system, mice were treated with each triazine by two intraperitoneal injections, 24h apart. The animals were sacrificed and the bone marrow removed for micronucleus (MN) analysis, 24h after the last injection. Two to four independent trials were performed for MN analysis in polychromatic erythrocytes, and in some trials the spleen was removed, cultured, and analyzed for SCEs and CAs. None of the triazines investigated induced MN in the bone marrow, even at doses that caused significant bone marrow suppression and/or death. These results indicate that atrazine, simazine, and cyanazine are not genotoxic as measured by the bone marrow MN assay in mice following high dose exposures.
莠去津、西玛津和氰草津是广泛使用的苗前和苗后三嗪类除草剂，已进入许多农业社区的饮用水供应中。尽管文献中有几项相互矛盾的遗传毒性研究，但我们之前用人淋巴细胞进行的体外研究表明，在使用0.5%二甲基亚砜的水性介质中，莠去津、西玛津和氰草津在达到溶解度极限之前不会诱导姐妹染色单体交换（SCE）或染色体畸变（CA）。为了扩展这些结果并确保我们的体外研究结果能够在体内系统中得到重复，给小鼠腹腔注射两种三嗪类除草剂，间隔24小时。在最后一次注射后24小时处死动物并取出骨髓进行微核（MN）分析。对多色红细胞进行MN分析进行了两到四项独立试验，在一些试验中，取出脾脏，进行培养，并分析SCE和CA。所研究的三嗪类除草剂均未在骨髓中诱导MN，即使在导致明显骨髓抑制和/或死亡的剂量下也是如此。这些结果表明，在高剂量暴露后，通过小鼠骨髓MN试验测定，莠去津、西玛津和氰草津没有遗传毒性。
